Examination of Gait
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| Purposes of Gait: | 1.) Assist with understanding of gait characteristics of a particular disorder.
2.) Assist with movement diagnosis
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| Obtaining an accurate description of gait patterns and variables. | Assist w/ understanding of gait characteristics of a particular disorder
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| ID and describing typical gait deviations | Assist w/ understanding of gait characteristics of a particular disorder
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| Determining fxn ambulation capabilities in relation to pt's need | Assist w/ understanding of gait characteristics of a particular disorder
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| Classifying the severity of a disability | Assist w/ understanding of gait characteristics of a particular disorder
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| Predicts the pts future status | Assist w/ understanding of gait characteristics of a particular disorder
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| ID and describing gait deviation and difference b/w the pt's gait and normal gait | Assist with movement dx
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| Analyzing devieation and ID mechanisms responsible for them | Assist with movement dx
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| Determining balance, endurance, energy expenditure, safety and determining their impact on gait | Assist with movement dx
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| Who are disturbances in gait most common with? | Elderly
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| what % is of gait problems effect ppl over the age of 60 | 15%
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| What % of gait problems effect pple over the age of 80 | 25%
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| What % of nursing home pple are affected by gait disturbances | 50%
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| People with gait disturbances are more at risk for what? | Falls
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| 4 common reason for gait disturbances: | 1. Pain
2. immobile joint
3. Muscle Weakness
4. Abnormal neurological control
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| If the disturbance is symmetrical what does it suggest? | faulty neurological control (except in hemiplegia)
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| If disturbance is asymmetrical what does it suggest? | Pain-Fixed Joint- Muscle Weakness
(except hemiplegia)
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| Onset of problem is Acute: | may be s/s of vascular disease
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| More chronic conditions can be cause from | alcoholism or certain other drugs
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| difficulty starting and stopping walking | Parkinsons
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| Associated with vertigo or light-headness- | Pain, numbness or tingling in limbs
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| Problem worse at night due to darkness | Sensory impairment (diabetes)
decreased visual input
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| When examining a person gait what view do you look at | front, back, side
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| What are the 7 things you should pay attention to in a exam. | 1. Get up from chair
2. initiates walking
3. walking at different speeds
4. turns in both directions
5. walks of toe, heel, straight line, EO, EC
6. Stand with EO/EC
7. Copes with postural challenges
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| non-specific characteristics of Gait | widened base in standing, short step while walking, greater proportion of gait cycle spent in double-limb support
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| unique characteristics of Gait | cerebellar ataxia; Arthritis of the hip (trendelenburg); Parkinson's disease;
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| What are the 3 basic area you can divide gait problems into? | 1. joint and skeletal abnormalities
2. motor abnormalities
3. Impaired balance (cblr and ssy ataxia)
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| If you can place the problem into one of the three division what can you proceed to | looking deeper into that area
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| Antalgic Gait: | gait disturbance due to pain
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| If pt has a limp what is it caused from | discomfort in WB (hyperesthesia or oA)
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| Hyperesthesia | to much sensation
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| By age 75 what % of population has OA changes in large joints? | 85%
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| If there is pain during gait what happens to the stance phase of the affected leg? | gets shorter (place gingerly on the floor and immediately lifted)
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| Gait disturbances from immobile jts consist of? | Loss of mobility from arthritis; Plantar flexion conjecture due to long time in cast;
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| Apraxic gait involves what lobe | Frontal
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| characterized by hesitation in starting and in short , shuffling step that rarely leave the floor (magnetic walk) | Apraxic Gait
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| Difficulty maintaining upright posture due to forward flexion upper trunk, arms, and knees. | Apraxic Gait
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| Lack reflexes against sudden perturbations | Apraxic Gait
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| Typically maintains arm swing | Apraxic Gait (how you rule out Parkinson's)
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| Gait is not due to mm weakness, paralysis or other motor/ssy impairments | Apraxic Gait
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| may or may not have memory or other cognitive impairments | Apraxic Gait
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| this person will not be able to catch himself when falling but a malinger could | Apraxic Gait
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| characterized by no objective s/s of neurological deficit and all kinds of arm and leg movement that follow no physiological pattern | malingering gait
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| Selection of interventions are : | tx of impairments to improve gait
determines need for Ads, orthoses, prostheses etc..
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| When you evaluate the treatment of effectiveness you should: | determine how interventions will affect gait-and- how safe is the patient now as opposed to before he had the intervention
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| the level of consistency of either a measuring instrument or a method of analysis | reliability
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| Sensitivity | true positive
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| Specificity | true negative
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| the degree that a measurement refelcts what it suppose to measure | validity
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Created by:
klkoester
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