| Question | Answer |
| What is any disturbance that transmits energy through matter or space? | Wave |
| True or False. The material through which a wave travels does not move with the energy. | True |
| Waves carry _______. | Energy |
| Waves do NOT carry _______. | Matter |
| As a wave travels, it uses energy to do _____. | Work |
| What do you call a substance through which a wave can travel? | Medium |
| How is energy transmitted through a medium? | The particle vibrates and passes energy to a particle next to it. So the second particle vibrates. |
| Give examples of waves that require a medium. | Sound, seismic, and ocean waves. |
| What do you call the waves that require a medium? | Mechanical waves |
| Name some types of waves that can travel WITHOUT a medium? | Light, microwaves, TV & radio signals and x-rays. |
| What do you call waves that do NOT require media? | Electromagnetic waves |
| True or False. Electromagnetic waves travel slower through empty space. | False |
| How do mechanical waves differ from electromagnetic waves? | Mechanical waves need a medium to travel...electromagnetic waves do not. |
| What are the 2 MAIN types of waves? | Transverse Waves and Longitudinal Waves. |
| What do you call the type of wave when a transverse wave combines with a Longitudinal wave? | Surface wave |
| What do you call the waves in which the particles vibrate with an up-and-down motion? | Transverse Waves |
| What does perpendicular mean? | Right angles |
| The particles in a transverse wave move ______ to the direction that the wave is traveling. | Perpendicular |
| What is an example of a transverse wave? | A wave moving on a rope. |
| What do you call the high and low points of a transverse wave? | Crest and Trough |
| What do you call the waves in which the particles of the medium vibrate back and forth along the path that the wave travels? | Longitudinal Waves |
| What do you call the section of the longitudinal wave where the particles are crowded together? | Compressions |
| What do you call the section of the longitudinal wave where the particles are less crowded than normal? | Rarefactions |
| Compare Transverse and Longitudinal waves. | The compressions are like the crests and the rarefractions are like the troughs. |
| What is an example of a longitudinal wave? | Sound waves |
| Surface waves look like______. | Transverse waves |
| What is the difference between surface waves and transverse waves? | The particles in a surface wave move in circles and the particles of a transverse wave move up & down. |
| What is an example of a surface wave? | Ocean waves |
| Why can't you cause a floating leaf to move to the edge of a pond by throwing stones behind it? | Because you would cause surface waves and they travel in circles rather than back and forth. |
| Which property of a wave is related to the height of the wave? | Amplitude |
| What is the maximum distance that a wave vibrates from its rest position? | Amplitude |
| The larger the amplitude, the _____ the wave. | Taller |
| A wave with a large amplitude carries (more, less) energy than a wave with a small amplitude? | More |
| Small amplitude = ? | Small energy |
| Name the properties of waves. | Amplitude, wavelength, frequency, and wave speed |
| What is the distance between 2 adjacent troughs or rarefractions or between 2 adjacent crests or compressions. | Wavelength |
| What do you call the number of waves produced in a given amount of time? | Frequency |
| How do you measure frequency? | You count the number of crests (compressions) that pass a point in a certain amount of time. |
| What is the unit of measurement of frequency? | Hz (hertz) |
| What is a hertz? | One wave per second |
| True or False? The higher the frequency the shorter the wavelength? | True |
| Which carries more energy?...a wave with a short wavelength or a wave with a longer wavelength? | Short wavelength |
| What do you call the speed at which a wave travel? | Wave speed |
| How do you measure wave speed? | Measure the distance a single crest (compression) travels in a given amount of time. |
| What determines the wave speed? | The medium through which the wave is traveling. |
| What is the formula for wave speed? | v = wavelength times frequency |
| What is the frequency of a wave if it has a speed of 12 cm/sec and a wavelength of 3 cm? | 4 Hz |
| What is the wavelength of a wave that has a frequency of 5 Hz and a wave speed of 18 m/s? | 3.6 m |
| What is the speed of a wave that has a wavelength of 2 m and a frequency of 6 Hz? | 12 m/s |
| What is it called when a wave bounces back after striking a barrier? | Reflection |
| What do you call reflected sound waves? | Echoes |
| Why can we see the moon? | Light from the sun is reflected off of the moon. |
| What do you call the BENDING of a wave as it passes at an angle from one medium to another? | Refraction |
| Looking at a pencil half in and half out of a glass of water (at an angle) is an example of what? | Refraction...the pencil looks bent or even broken. |
| Why does the pencil look broken when you dip part of it in water at an angle? | The light waves are traveling through different media...so the wave's speed changes. |
| What do you call the bending of waves around a barrier or through an opening? | Diffraction |
| What kind of waves diffract? | Sound waves |
| What determines the amount of diffraction a wave has? | Wavelength and size of barrier (or opening) |
| What is the result of two overlapping waves? | Interference |
| What is it called when the crest of one wave overlaps the crest of another wave? | Constructive interference |
| When a new wave is formed when two waves overlap and the crests overlap, what happens? | The new wave has higher crests and deeper troughs (larger amplitude) |
| What is it called when the crest of one wave overlaps with the trough of another wave? | Destructive interference |
| What kind of wave are waves in which portions of the wave do not move and other parts move with large amplitude? | Standing waves |
| What do you call the frequencies at whch standing waves are produced? | Resonant frequencies |
| What caused the bridge in Tacoma Washington to collapse? | Resonance |
| Name 2 wave interactions that occur when a wave encounters a barrier. | Reflection and diffraction |
| Amplitude (increases, decreases) during constructive interference and (increases, decreases) during destructive interference? | increases, decreases |
