| Question | Answer |
| Decrease CVP | 1. Hypovolemia
2. Shock
3. Traumatic Blood Loss
4. Sever Dehydration |
| Increase CVP | 1. Hypervolemia
2. Fluid Overload
3. Increase PVR
4. CHF |
| Decrease MPAP | Hypovolemia |
| Increase MPAP | 1. Increase PVR
2. COPD
3. PE
4. ARDS
5 High PEEP
6. PADP-PCWP > 5 mmHg
7. CHF
8. Hypervolemia
9 PADP-PCWP <5 mmHg |
| Decrease PCWP | Hypovolemia |
| How do you calculate Cardiac Index? | 1. C.O. (Cardiac Output) / BSA (Body Surface Index) = CI
2.Calculated using Dubois Body Surface Chart |
| Decrease CI | 1. Decreased Preload/Venous Return
2. Increased Afterload/SVR
3. Decreased Contractility
4. Positive Ionotropics
5. Digitalis
6. Dobutamine
7. Dopamine |
| Treatment for Decreased Preload/ Venous Return w/ CI | Volume Expanders & I.V. Fluids |
| Treatment for Increased Afterload/SVR w/ CI | Vasodilators, Nitroprusside, Hydralazine, Diazoxide |
| Increase DO2 | 1. Increased C.O.
2 Increased CaO2
3. Exercise |
| Decrease DO2 | 1. Decrease C.O.
2. Decrease Preload
3. Increased Afterload
4. Decreased Contractility
5. Decreased Hb
6. Decreased CaO2
7. Trauma, Anemia
8. Decreased Pa/Sa O2
9. Pulmonary Shunt |
| Increase O2 Consumption | Exercise, Seizures, Shivering, Hyperthermia (Fever) |
| Decrease Consumption Factors | Peripheral Shunting, Cyanide Poisoning, Hypothermia |
| Increase O2ER | 1. Decrease C.O.
2. Increased O2 Consumption
3. Exercise
4. Seizures
5. Shivering
6. Hyperthermia |
| Decrease O2ER | 1. Increased C.O.
2. Peripheral Shunting
3. Cyanide Poisoning
4. Hypothermia |
| Increase P/SvO2 | 1. Increase C.O.
2. Peripheral Shunting
3. Cyanide Poisoning
4. Hypothermia |
| Decrease P/SvO2 | 1. Decrease C.O.
2. Increase O2 Consumption
3. Exercise
4. Seizures
5. Shivering
6. Hyperthermia |
| PvO2 <30 mmHg Indicative of what? | Severe Tissue Hypoxia |
| SvO2 <55% Indicative of what? | Severe Tissue Hypoxia |
| Increase Ca-vO2 | 1. Decrease C.O. OR Increase O2 Consumption
2. exercise
3. Seizures
4. Shivering
5. Hyperthermia |
| Most common problem associated with an INCREASED Ca-vO2 is? | Left Ventricular Failure |
| Decrease Ca-vO2 | 1. Increase C.O.
2. Peripheral Shunting
3. Cyanide Poisoning
4. Hypothermia |
| Right Atrium pressure with a PA catheter? | 2-6 mmHg |
| Right Ventricle pressure with a PA catheter | Systolic: 20-30
Diastolic: 0-5 |
| Pulmonary Artery pressure with a PA catheter | Systolic: 20-30
Diastolic: 6-15 |
| Pulmonary Capillary Wedge pressure with a PA catheter? | 4-12 mmHg |
