| Question/Term | Answer |
| What is the mean and standard deviation of the MMPI-2? | Mean: 50
SD: 10 |
| What are the Validity Scales? | -? (Cs - Cannot Say)
-TRIN - True Response Inconsistency
-VRIN - Variable Response Inconsistency
-F - Infrequency
-Fb - F back
-Fp - Infrequency Psychopathology
L - Lie
K - Correction
S - Superlative - Self Presentation |
| What does the ? (Cs) measure? | -Measures omitted/avoided items
-If 30+ unanswered = NOT valid
-Suggests: avoidance, carelessness, reading difficulty, impairment in decision making, paranoid, and obsessive |
| What do the Inconsistent Responding Validity Scales measure? | VRIN - Guessing or Random Responding
TRIN - Acquiescence & non-acquiescence (high all true & low all false) |
| What do the Infrequent Responding Validity Scales measure? | -F - measures deviations from the population. >90 faking bad.
-Fb - measures deviate responses from items 370 to the end.
-Fp - detects malingering. |
| What does the Lie (L) scale measure? | - unsophisticated or self-consciously virtuous responses.
- >60 might be invalid, trying to portray self in favorable light
- Can be elevated due to education, intelligence, sophistication
-Low - willing to own up to mistakes |
| What does the K scale measure? | - Subtle Defensiveness
- >70 invalid - all false responding - faking good
- Low - all true responding, faking bad |
| What does the S scale measure | Tendency to portray self in a superlative manner |
| Which scales have a Harris Lingoes? | 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, & 9 |
| When to use Harris Lingoes? | Used to refine and clarify the meaning of clinical scales that are elevated. It provides information concerning the kinds of items that were endorsed. |
| What do the Supplemental Scales Measure? | - General maladjustment and subjective distress
- Emotional Behavioral control |
| Scale 1 | Hypochondriasis (Hs)
-Concerns center on health and somatic functioning.
-Poor health; gastrointestinal complaints; weakness; tiredness
-Physical symptoms used as emotional discomfort
-High correlation with Scale 2
-Stable over time |
| Scale 2 | Depression (D)
- measures negative state of mind
- Concerns around immediate satisfaction, comfort, security.
- Unhappiness; anxiety & worry; apathy & leathery; physical symptoms; social withdrawal
-Discomfort
-associated with adjustment disorder |
| Scale 3 | Hysteria (Hy)
- measures tendency to use physical symptoms to solve personal conflict
-Respond to life stressors by creating conversion-like symptoms.
-Looking for a attention "Look at me, Don't abandon me"
-Somatic complaints
-Conversion Disorder |
| Scale 4 | Psychopathic Deviate (Pd)
-Don't like authority, rebel
-poor judgment & impulse control
-Family conflict, antisocial behavior, octal fearlessness, social alienation, unhappiness
-Highly correlated w/ Scale 8
-Content scale correlates with Scale 4 |
| Scale 5 | Masculinity/Femininity (Mf)
-Divides sex role related interests, activities, and occupations
-Scale 4 - men suppress; women display active anger
-if elevated = person pulling away from stereotypical roles |
| Scale 6 | Paranoia (Pa)
-Pattern of vulnerability when feel merciless & relentless opposed by hostile forces or subject to opposition
-highly sensitive, resentful, guarded
-externalization, persecutory ideas, skepticism (denial) |
| Scale 7 | Psychasenthia (Pt)
-Tendency to express stress thru tension, anxiety
-anxiety scale - primary symptom is worry
-doubt, worry, fear, anxiety, agitation
-insomnia
-relationship w/ OCD & OCPD |
| Scale 8 | Schizophrenia (Sc)
-poor coping skills, lacking resources
-high levels of turmoil & social problems
-elevation emphasizes negative or deficit symptoms of schizophrenia
-bizarre thoughts & impulse
-depressive withdrawal |
| Scale 9 | Mania/Hypomania (Ma)
-primary characteristics: increased energy; reduced need for sleep; increased rate, volume & amount of speech; irritable/euphoric mood
-Impulsive
- >80 consider Bipolar, Manic type
-Low scale2 |
| Scale 0 | Social Introversion-Extroversion (Si)
-Elevated: shy, timid, social anxiety, discomfort in groups, social avoidance.
-Highly correlated w/ other scales of maladjustment and subjective distress
-Low: Extraversion, sociable |
| Codetype 1-2 (2-1) | -(Hypochondriasis & Depression)
-Somatic discomfort & Depression |
| Codetype 1-3 (3-1) | -(Hypochondriasis & Hysteria)
-Somatic discomfort w/o psychiatric complaints
-More prevalent in women & elderly |
| Codetype 1-4 (4-1) | -(Hypochondriasis & Psychopathic Deviate):
-Severe somatic symptoms / extroverted
-Pessimistic & grouchy & Alcohol use
-More prevalent in men |
| Codetype 1-8 (8-1) | -(Hypochondriasis & Schizophrenia):
-Hostility / Aggression but unable to express it
-Socially inadequate & lack trust |
| Codetype 1-9 (9-1) | -(Hypochondriasis & Hypomania):
-A lot of distress/anxious, somatic complaints
-Aggressive / belligerent / great ambition
-Frustrated by low achievements |
| Codetype 2-3 (3-2) | -(Depression & Hysteria):
-Passive & Dependent
-Depressed but without severe anxiety
-Difficulty expressing emotions
-lack energy, weak, GI concerns |
| Codetype 2-4 (4-2) | -(Depression & Psychopathic Deviate):
-Trouble with family or law
-Angry, resentful, critical, impulsive
-Drug & alcohol use & Suicide |
| Codetype 2-6 (6-2) | -(Depression & Paranoia):
-Paranoia & hostility & resentfulness
-Lack energy, hopeless & some suicide |
| Codetype 2-7 (7-2) | -(Depression & Psychasthena):
-Worry/high strung/anticipate problems
-Clinical depression with high expectations
-Anxious & over react to stress
-Suicide Risk (check 9) |
| Codetype 2-8 (8-2) | -(Depression & Schizophrenia):
-Anxious & Agitated & Dissociated
-Poor concentration, sleep, memory
-Basically dependent & ineffective
-If both are highly elevated = serious psychopathology |
| Codetype 2-9 (9-2) | -(Depression & Hypomania):
-Self centered/Narcissistic
-Tense & anxious w/ somatic complaints
-Internal sense of uneasiness
-Bipolar |
| Codetype 3-4 (4-3) | -(Hysteria & Psychopathic Deviate):
-ANGER & HOSTILITY
-Aggressive Impulses
-Suicide & Acting Out |
| Codetype 3-6 (6-3) | -(Hysteria & Paranoia):
-Deep hostility with family
-Minor anxiety/somatic problems
-Defiant/uncooperative/narcissistic |
| Codetype 3-8 (8-3) | -(Hysteria & Schizophrenia):
-Great psychological turmoil & anxiety & fear
-Depression/hopelessness are common
-Problems decision making/Apathetic & pessimistic
-Obsessive ruminations & delusions/hallucinations |
| Codetype 4-6 (6-4) | -(Psychopathic Deviate & Paranoia):
-Immature/Narcissistic/Self-indulgent
-Rationalize & blame others/no responsibility
-Suspicious, Resentful
-Passive – Aggressive personality/schizophrenia |
| Codetype 4-7 (7-4) | -(Psychopathic Deviate & Psychasthena):
-Swing from serious insensitivity to others – how they effect others
-Acting out (drinking / sexual promiscuity) followed by guilt
-Insecure
-Need constant reassurance & support |
| Codetype 4-8 (8-4) | -(Psychopathic Deviate & Schizophrenia):
-Do not fit in their environment
-Resent authority / deep feelings of insecurity
-Erratic & unpredictable / impulse problems
-Possible bizarre symptomatology |
| Codetype 4-9 (9-4) | -(Psychopathic Deviate & Hypomania):
-Disregard for social standards/values
-Narcissistic/selfish/self-indulgent
-Irritable/low tolerance
-Energetic/restless/ambitious/superficial
-Act out w/o regard for others |
| Codetype 6-8 (8-6) | -(Paranoia & Schizophrenia):
Intense inferiority / insecurity
-Distrust others / avoid deep relationships
-Blunted affect / rapid speech / incoherent |
| Codetype 6-9 (9-6) | -(Paranoia & Hypomania):
-Dependent / need for affection
-Appear tearful / trembling |
| Codetype 7-8 (8-7) | -(Psychasthenia & Schizophrenia):
-Great deal of turmoil/easily discuss their pain
-Depressed & pessimistic/confused/panic
-Schizophrenia/Depression/OCD/personality disorders |
| Codetype 8-9 (9-8) | -(Schizophrenia & Hypomania):
-Self-centered/infantile/demanding
-Labile/Fear emotional involvement
-Bizarre speech & thinking |
| Codetype 4-5 (5-4) | (men) non conforming, not likely to act out, interpersonal problems |
