"Seize the day"- The philosophy that one should enjoy life to the fullest, take advantage of or live for the moment.
Trope
The use of a word in a figurative sense iwth a decided change or extension in its literal meaning.
Antithesis
The juxtaposition of sharply contrasting ideas in balanced or parallel words or phrases.
Epiphany
A sudden or intuitive insight or perception into the reality or essential meaning of something usually brought on by a simple or common occurrence or experience.
Apostrophe
A figure of speech in which a person, thing, or abstract quality is addressed as if present; for example, the invocation to the muses found in epic poetry.
Chiasmus
Figure of speech by which the order of the terms in the first of parallel caluses is reversed in the second. It not not involve a repetition of word. It can be used to reinforce antithesis. Ex.: "his time is a moment, and a point his space."
Aphorism
A concise statement designed to make a point or illustrate a commonly held belief. The writings of Benjamin Franklin contain many, such as "Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise."
Begging the question
To sidestep or evade the real problem, leaving the real question unanswered.
Discourse
A formal discussion of a subject.
Syllepsis
The use of a word understood differently in relation to two or more other words, which is modifies or governs. Ex.: "the ink, like our pig, keeps running out of the pen."