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s.s world geo ch4
notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| geology | study of earth's physical structures |
| 4 important zones | inner core, outer core, mantle, crust |
| inner core | solid, temps and pressure is very high |
| outer core | mostly dense liquid metal( iron and nickel ) temps and pressures are very high |
| mantle | most of earth's mass |
| crust | uppermost layer, 25 miles thick, thin compared to the rest of earth's interior |
| plate tectonics | theory that explains how forces within the planets create landforms |
| name the diff. ways the plates can move | apart, collide, or laterally |
| spreading plates can create... | oceanic ridges undersea( Mid atlantic ridge ) and rift valleys on land( the Great rift valley in Africa ) |
| colliding plates can create... | trenches and volcanoes undersea and mountains on land( Himalaya mountains ) |
| plates that move laterally can create... | fractures and earthquakes |
| weathering | slow and hard to detect. includes chemical and physical processes |
| erosion | movement of surface material by water, wind, and ice |
| tectonic processes | landforms such as mnts and some valleys are created by volcanoes, folding, and faulting. |
| erosion | this landform is made up of rock and has a thin layer of sediment or soil on the surface, reflect the hardness of underlying rock. ( plateau ) |
| sediment deposited by ice, wind, or water | sand dunes or floodplains and an alluvial fan and a delta are also good examples of this this type of landform |
| __________,____________, and ____________ of landforms have influenced human settlement and transportation throughout history. | location, shape, and size |
| saltwater makes up... | 97% of the world's water and is too salty for most uses |
| freshwater makes up... | less than 3% of the world's water, most is frozen in ice caps |
| less than 1% of freshwater is.. | in vapor and liquid form |
| liquid freshwater can found in two places | surface water and ground water |
| surface water is... | in headwaters, tributaries, rivers, lakes, estuairies, and wetlands |
| ground water is.. | stored in soil and water tables |
| describe the hydrologic cycle | powered by solar energy, winds, and gravity. evaporation, condensation, precipitation, then it starts all over again |
| flooding occurs when... | rivers contain more water than they can hold, heavy rain, snow melts, and human activities, such as clearing vegetation to pave roads |
| effects of flooding | erosion, loss of vegetation, drowns both people and livestock, die of diseases |
Created by:
diva626
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