Question 1

1.1 
Define the concept of environment

Accepted Answer

the living and non-living elements of the Earth's surface and atmosphere.
including human changes: cropland, buildings, planted forests

Question 2

1.1
Define the concept of natural and anthropogenic biomes

Accepted Answer

natural:
Biomes which have not had sustained direct human interactions

anthropogenic:
Biomes that are the result of sustained direct human interactions within the ecosystems

Question 3

1.1
Define the concept of land cover change

Accepted Answer

changes that have taken place in natural environments due to a variety of natural and/or human induced causes

Question 4

1.1
Define the concept of ecosystem structure & dynamics

Accepted Answer

ecosystem structure:
biotic and abiotic elements with a hierarchy of organisms.
producers, consumers and detritus

ecosystem dynamics:
relationships between biotic and abiotic elements, which includes the flow of energy between elements

Question 5

1.1
Define the concept of biodiversity loss

Accepted Answer

the extinction of species worldwide, and also the local reduction or loss of species in a certain habitat

Question 6

1.1
Define the concept of climate change

Accepted Answer

long-term change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods of time that range from decades to millions of years.

Question 7

1.2
describe the process of land cover change, including:
deforestation

Accepted Answer

Deforestation:
removal or clearing of forests generally for other uses. e.g. agricultural purposes

Question 8

1.3
Describe how remote sensing images are used to identify and measure the location, type, rate & extent of land cover change

Accepted Answer

the science of obtaining info about objects or areas from a distance

location:
range of scale. e.g. local, regional, global

type:
category of LCC. e.g. deforestation

rate:
speed at which changes have taken place

extent:
size & are of LCC

Question 9

1.4
Outline the impacts of world population growth on the type, rate and extent of land cover change

Accepted Answer

type:
as population increases more demand for resources. impaction on 4 types of LCC

rate:
new ways developed to obtain resources faster

extent of LCC:
large amounts of land used to meet demands for resources

Question 10

1.4
Outline the impacts of growing affluence and advances in technology on the type, rate and extent of land cover change

Accepted Answer

type:
new tech allows for new ways to contribute to the 4 types of LCC

rate:
new tech speeds process up. e.g. GMOs, tree cutters

extent of LCC:
increased as more and more land is used to obtain resoureces

Question 11

1.5
Outline how two factors account for differences in land cover change between two countries: Brazil & Australia
land ownership

Accepted Answer

AUS:
LCC are heavily regulated and punished when regulations are broken. e.g. deforestation and mining needs permits even on privately owned land

Brazil:
Government doesn't regulate LCC so clearing of forests or mining can cause great damage

Question 12

1.5
Outline how two factors account for differences in land cover change between two countries: Brazil & Australia
government policy

Accepted Answer

AUS:
strict policies and laws in place to prevent LCC even on privet properties

Brazil:
Polices favour economic growth over land protection

Question 13

1.6
explain the impact of aboriginal & Torres strait islander peoples land management practices on land cover change over time:
mosaic burnings
seasonal calendars

Accepted Answer

mosaic burnings:
clears undergrowth, provides paths, prevents risks of forest fires, weed control

Seasonal calendars:
Noongar seasonal Calander, key to under standing flowering of plants, hibernations and when and where to hunt

Question 14

1.7
explain two impacts of land cover change:
soil erosion & degradation
urban heat islands

Accepted Answer

soil erosion and degradation:
chemical and physical changes of the land that are enhanced by humans, reducing the quality of the soil. e.g. fertilisers

Urban heat islands:
warmer temps in urban areas due to man made environments (albedo)

Question 15

1.2
describe the process of land cover change, including:
 the expansion & intensification of agriculture

Accepted Answer

the expansion and intensification of agriculture:
the increasing amount of land available for agriculture

Question 16

1.2
describe the process of land cover change, including:
the growth of urban settlement

Accepted Answer

the growth of urban settlement:
clearing and transforming of native vegetation to build infrastructure

Question 17

1.2
describe the process of land cover change, including:
mining

Accepted Answer

mining:
biotic and abiotic conditions, clearing of land, use and release of chemicals, dust and aerosols

geo U3 syllabus 1

SCASA ATAR 12

Question	Answer
1.1 Define the concept of environment	the living and non-living elements of the Earth's surface and atmosphere. including human changes: cropland, buildings, planted forests
1.1 Define the concept of natural and anthropogenic biomes	natural: Biomes which have not had sustained direct human interactions anthropogenic: Biomes that are the result of sustained direct human interactions within the ecosystems
1.1 Define the concept of land cover change	changes that have taken place in natural environments due to a variety of natural and/or human induced causes
1.1 Define the concept of ecosystem structure & dynamics	ecosystem structure: biotic and abiotic elements with a hierarchy of organisms. producers, consumers and detritus ecosystem dynamics: relationships between biotic and abiotic elements, which includes the flow of energy between elements
1.1 Define the concept of biodiversity loss	the extinction of species worldwide, and also the local reduction or loss of species in a certain habitat
1.1 Define the concept of climate change	long-term change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods of time that range from decades to millions of years.
1.2 describe the process of land cover change, including: deforestation	Deforestation: removal or clearing of forests generally for other uses. e.g. agricultural purposes
1.3 Describe how remote sensing images are used to identify and measure the location, type, rate & extent of land cover change	the science of obtaining info about objects or areas from a distance location: range of scale. e.g. local, regional, global type: category of LCC. e.g. deforestation rate: speed at which changes have taken place extent: size & are of LCC
1.4 Outline the impacts of world population growth on the type, rate and extent of land cover change	type: as population increases more demand for resources. impaction on 4 types of LCC rate: new ways developed to obtain resources faster extent of LCC: large amounts of land used to meet demands for resources
1.4 Outline the impacts of growing affluence and advances in technology on the type, rate and extent of land cover change	type: new tech allows for new ways to contribute to the 4 types of LCC rate: new tech speeds process up. e.g. GMOs, tree cutters extent of LCC: increased as more and more land is used to obtain resoureces
1.5 Outline how two factors account for differences in land cover change between two countries: Brazil & Australia land ownership	AUS: LCC are heavily regulated and punished when regulations are broken. e.g. deforestation and mining needs permits even on privately owned land Brazil: Government doesn't regulate LCC so clearing of forests or mining can cause great damage
1.5 Outline how two factors account for differences in land cover change between two countries: Brazil & Australia government policy	AUS: strict policies and laws in place to prevent LCC even on privet properties Brazil: Polices favour economic growth over land protection
1.6 explain the impact of aboriginal & Torres strait islander peoples land management practices on land cover change over time: mosaic burnings seasonal calendars	mosaic burnings: clears undergrowth, provides paths, prevents risks of forest fires, weed control Seasonal calendars: Noongar seasonal Calander, key to under standing flowering of plants, hibernations and when and where to hunt
1.7 explain two impacts of land cover change: soil erosion & degradation urban heat islands	soil erosion and degradation: chemical and physical changes of the land that are enhanced by humans, reducing the quality of the soil. e.g. fertilisers Urban heat islands: warmer temps in urban areas due to man made environments (albedo)
1.2 describe the process of land cover change, including: the expansion & intensification of agriculture	the expansion and intensification of agriculture: the increasing amount of land available for agriculture
1.2 describe the process of land cover change, including: the growth of urban settlement	the growth of urban settlement: clearing and transforming of native vegetation to build infrastructure
1.2 describe the process of land cover change, including: mining	mining: biotic and abiotic conditions, clearing of land, use and release of chemicals, dust and aerosols

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