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Rocks - Key tests

QuestionAnswer
Clay oxidation Wacke/Greywacke
Visible bedding planes Siltstone Claystone
Rounded pebbles Sandstone Conglomerate Breccia
Fizz test Shale Phosphorite Dolomite
Fizz test; fossils Limestone
Fizz test; plentiful fossils Coquina
Round, heavy Concretions
Oily smell; dusty; light heft Coal
Hardness: 7; organic nature; ooze origins Chert
Foliation; visible crystals; density Shale Slate Quartzite Phyllite Marble Hornfels Greenstone Gneiss Argillite
Green, greasy, streaky, and soft Serpentine
Foliated mica; garnets; density Schist
Crystalline, often salt-and-pepper Amphibolite
Contains large quartz or feldspar crystals Porphyry
Green; coarse Peridotite
Rare garnets; very coarse crystals Pegmatite
Often pinkish; exfoliation Granite
Dark with coarse grains Gabbro
Dark smears, unlike granite; often in dikes and sills Diorite
Soft, unless welded; angular clasts Tuff
Rusty, like cinders; numerous vesicles; heavier than pumice Scoria
Quartz crystals in fine-grained matrix Rhyolite
Floats; soft Pumice
Glassy luster, sharp edges, conchoidal fracture pattern Obsidian
Hornblende and plagioclase in fine-grained matrix Dacite
Fine grained, often with microscopic crystals only; can form dramatic columns Basalt
Fine grained with pyroxene and plagioclase Andesite
Created by: frishanini
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