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ADV GEO CH 15
Russia Cultural Geo
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| VARANGIANS | Scandinavian warriors who settled among the Slavs; created Kievan Rus |
| IVAN III (IVAN THE GREAT) | Muscovite prince who expanded Muscovy's territory that later became Russia; built the Kremlin |
| IVAN IV (IVAN THE TERRIBLE) | Ivan the Great's grandson who became first czar of Russia; crushed all opposition |
| PETER I (PETER THE GREAT) | Romanov Czar who modernized Russia; enlarged territory, built military, developed trade; built St. Petersburg |
| CATHERINE THE GREAT | Empress who continued to expand territory; Russian nobility adopted western European ways |
| CZAR ALEXANDER II | Russian czar who freed the serfs; assasinated |
| NICHOLAS II | son of Alexander II; he was the last czar of Russia; he was deposed and executed by Bolsheviks |
| KARL MARX | German philosopher who proposed public ownership of all land and a classless society (socialism) |
| BOLSHEVIKS | revolutionary group led by Vladimir Lenin; overthrew government and established communist state (USSR) |
| Vladimir Lenin | leader of Bolshevik revolution |
| JOSEPH STALIN | leader of Communist Party after Lenin's death; dictator of USSR during Cold War |
| MIKHAIL GORBACHEV | last leader of the USSR; instituted glasnost and perestroika in order to preserve the USSR |
| BORIS YELTSIN | president of Russia, the largest of the remaining Soviet republics |
| VLADIMIR PUTIN | President of the Russian Federation, after Yeltsin resigned; currently Prime Minister of Russia |
| KADINSKY | Russian artist |
| MARC CHAGALL | Russian artist |
| BOLSHOI BALLET | Russia's premier ballet company |
| PUSHKIN | Russian poet |
| TOLSTOY | Russian novelist; wrote War and Peace, Anna Karenina |
| DOSTOYEVSKY | Russian novelist; wrote Crime and Punishment |
| glasnost | Gorbachev's policy of openness, which allowed citizens to speak freely for the first time in decades |
| Kievan Rus | a loose union of Slav city-states under the Varangians |
| Kiev | leading city-state of Kievan Rus |
| Muscovy | territory along the Moskva River, ruled by princes; later location of Moscow |
| Muscovites | people of Muscovy |
| Kremlin | fortress in Moscow, filled with churches and palaces; built by Ivan the Great |
| serfs | enslaved peasants |
| Russification | policy which required everyone to speak Russian and follow Eastern Orthodox Christianity |
| Eastern Orthodox Christianity | religion of Russia, based on the religion of Byzantine Empire |
| Bloody Sunday | demonstration during Czar Nicholas II reign that ended with 1,000 people being killed by Russian troops |
| USSR | Union of Soviet Socialist Republic, established after Bolshevik Revolution |
| satellites | countries controlled by the Soviet Union |
| Cold War | the struggle between the two competing systems - communist (USSR) and capitalist (USA) |
| propaganda | form of communication that is aimed at influencing the attitude of a community toward some cause or position; presents information primarily to influence an audience. |
| czar | supreme leader of Russia from Ivan IV to the Bolshevik Revolution |
| socialism | political philosophy in which the government owns the means of production; the economic system proposed by Marx |
| communism | society based on equality in which workers would control industrial production;type of state established by Bolsheviks |
| capitalism | an economic system where capital and land, known as the means of production, are privately owned; labor, goods and resources are traded in markets; and profit, is distributed to the owners. |
| perestroika | Russian = restructuring; Gorbachev's plan for reforming Soviet government |
| atheism | a belief that there is no God; belief system required by communist government of Russia |
| patriarch | head of the Russian Orthodox Church |
| pogroms | in czarist Russia, an attack on Jews carried out by government troops |
| socialist realism | realistic style of art and literature that glorified Soviet ideals and goals |
| May Day | workers' holiday in Soviet Russia |
| Russian Revolution | workers' revolution that overthrew the Romanov government in Russia |
| intelligentsia | intellectual elite of Russia |
Created by:
BHS World Geography
Popular Geography sets