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Middle Ages
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Feudalism | the system of service between a lord, vassals, knights, and serfs |
| Magna Carta | a contract that placed limits on the king's powers and provided freemen with rights |
| Crusades | a Holy War started by Christians against the Muslims to gain control of the Holy Lands |
| Vernacular | everyday spoken language of a region, "slang" |
| Heresy | Ideas that go against church teachings |
| The Plague | a pandemic that spread quickly and killed many people during the Middle Ages |
| Renaissance | renewal or rebirth of ideas, art, literature, and architecture from Ancient Rome and Greece |
| Mercenary | a soldier who fights for money rather than loyalty to a country |
| secular | related to worldly (rather than religious) things |
| Humanism | emphasis on worldly concerns; belief in the worth of the individual; reason is the path to knowledge |
| Reformation | a religious movement that created a new form of Christianity known as protestantism |
| Indulgence | a pardon, or forgiveness, of a sin that could be purchased from a priest |
| Martin Luther | a monk who spoke out against the corruption in the Church |