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ch. 24-27 vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sahel | The region in Africa just south of the Sahara |
| colonialism | The system by which countries set up colonies to secure sources of raw materials and markets for their products |
| plateau | An area of high, flat land |
| escarpment | a steep cliff that separates two level areas of differing elevations |
| chaparral | A type of natural vegetation that is adapted to Mediterranean climates; small evergreen trees and low bushes, or scrub |
| savanna | A tropical grassland with scattered trees, located in the warm lands near the Equator |
| oral history | History passed down by word of mouth |
| nomadic herding | The practice of moving flocks to different pastures throughout the year |
| leaching | The dissolving and washing away of nutrients in the soil |
| land degradation | Reduction in the productive potential of the land |
| population density | The average number of people living in a given area |
| delta | The land that forms at the mouth of some rivers by soil that is dropped as the river slows and enters the sea |
| fellaheen | Egyptian peasants |
| sandstorm | A windstorm that blows hot air, dust, and grit |
| bazaar | An open-air market; a street lined with shops and stalls |
| basin irrigation | In Egypt, a system by which water and silt were controlled by embankments and time-released to irrigate farmlands |
| reservoir | A natural or artificial lake used to collect water for human needs |
| perennial irrigation | An irrigation system that provides necessary water to the land throughout the year |
| capital | Wealth in the form of money or property owned or used in businesses |
| wadi | A usually dry riverbed or gully that temporarily holds water from a sudden downpour |
| caravan | A large group of merchants who join together to travel in safety |
| medina | The old section of a North African city, usually centered around a mosque |
| souk | A market in an Arab community |
| shifting agriculture | The practice of farming a site until the soil is exhausted, then moving on to a new site |
| forage | Food for grazing animals |
| deforestation | The process of stripping land of its trees |
| desertification | The transformation of arable land into desert either naturally or through human intervention |
| refugee | A person who flees his or her country to escape danger or unfair treatment |
| landlocked | Almost or entirely surrounded by land; cut off from the sea |
| inland delta | An area of lakes, creeks, and swamps away from the ocean |
| coup | The sudden overthrow of a ruler or government, often involving violent force or threat of force |
| ancestor worship | The belief that respecting and honoring ones ancestors will cause them to live on in the spirit world after death |
| animism | The religious belief that such things as the sky, rivers, and trees contain gods or spirits |
| World Bank | An agency of the United Nations that provides loans to countries for development projects |
| International Monetary Fund | An agency of the United Nation that provides loans to countries for development projects |
| structural adjustment program | A program to reform the structure of an economy |
| watershed | A dividing ridge between two basins |
| mercenary | A professional soldier hired by a foreign country |
| barter | The exchange of goods without money |
| harambee | A policy of cooperation adopted in Kenya after independence to encourage economic growth |
| pyrethrum | A pesticide produced from certain flowers |
| malnutrition | Disease caused by lack of food or an unbalanced diet |
| strategic value | Importance of a place or thing for nations planning military actions |
| ethnocracy | A system of government in which one ethnic group rules over others |
| villagization | A political movement by which rural people are forced to move to towns and work on collective farms |
| apartheid | Formerly in the Republic of South Africa, the policy of strict racial segregation |
| segregation | The separation of races |
| sanction | An action taken by the international community |
| enclave | A country completely surrounded by another country |
| white flight | The departure of white people from a region |
| land redistribution | A policy by which land is taken from those who own large amounts and redistributed to those who have little or none |
Created by:
daviddunham
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