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Geography
Chapter 21, 22, 23 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| agricultural revolution | the change from nomadic hunting and gathering to farming that took place about 8000 B.C. |
| civilization | an advanced culture |
| monotheism | the belief in one god |
| protectorate | an area that has its own government but is controlled by an outside power |
| chaparal | a type of natural vegetation that is adapted to Mediterranean climates; small evergreen trees and low bushes, or scrub |
| poaching | Illegal hunting |
| mosque | An Islamic place of religious worship |
| muezzin | in Islam a crier who calls the faithful to prayer five times each day from a minaret |
| minaret | a tall, slender tower attached to a mosque |
| desalination | the process of removing salt from seawater so that it can be used for drinking and irrigation |
| nomad | a person who travels from place to place |
| trade deficit | the situation in which a country imports more than it exports |
| trade surplus | the situation in which a country exports more than it imports |
| autonomy | independence |
| genocide | the systematic killing or intentional destruction of a person |
| nationalism | pride in one's nation; the desire of a cultural group to rule themselves as a separate nation |
| chernozem | a rich topsoil found in the Russian steppes and other mid-latitude grasslands |
| fundamentalism | a set of religious beliefs based on a strict interpretation of a sacred text |
| yurt | a round tent made of a wooden framework and covered with felt or skins |
| desertification | the transformation of arable land into desert either naturally or through human intervention |
| mandate | a commission from the league of nations authorizing a nation to govern a territory. |
| zionist | a member of a movement known as Zionism founded to promote the establishment of an independent Jewish state |
| self-determination | the right of a people to decide their own political future |
| drip irrigation | a process by which precisely controlled amount of water drip directly onto plants from pipes, thus preserving precious water resources in dry areas |
| potash | a mineral used in explosives and fertilizer |
| fertile crescent | a region in the middle east where farming and the first civilizations developed |
| militia | a citizen army |
| anarchy | political disorder and violence; lawlessness |
| embargo | a severe restriction of trade with other countries |
| infrastructure | the basic support facilities of a community or country, such as roads and bridges, power plants, and schools |
| faiaj system | in the Arabian peninsula an ancient system of underground and surface canals |
| secular | worldly, not relation to religion |
| shah | the title of the former ruler of Iran |
| ayatollah | a religious leader among shiite muslims |
Created by:
BraylonH
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