Earth's center,where pressures and temperatures are very high.

The section of Earth's interior that lies above the outer core and has the most mass.

The theory that Earth's crust is divided into rigid plates that slowly move across the upper mantle.

The process of which Earth's plates slowly move across the upper layer.

Places on Earth's surface where the crust stretches until it breaks.

Areas of the ocean floor where rocks gradually sink because they have no supporting heat below them; the world's flattest and smoothest regions.

Areas where continental surfaces extend under the shallow ocean water around the continents.

A deep valley marking a collision of plates, where one plate slides under another.

Places where rocks have been compressed into bends by colliding plates.

Places where rock masses have been broken apart and are moving away from each other.

The process of rocks break and decay over time.

Small particles of weathered rocks.

Movement of surface materials from one location to another by water, wind, or ice.

Thick masses of ice, including great ice sheets and bodies of ice thst flow down mountains like slow rivers.

A elevated flatland that rises sharply above nearly land on at least one side.

Fan-shaped deposit of mud and gravel often found along the bases of mountains.

Accumulation of sediments at the mouth of a river.

To remove salts and other chemicals from seawater or soil.

The continuous process by which water is circulated throughout the Earth and its atmosphere.

The water from which a river rises; a source. Often used in the plural

A stream that flows into a larger stream or other body of water.

A ridge of high land dividing two areas that are drained by different river systems

An area drained by a river system. A drainage basin includes all areas that gather precipitation water and direct it to a particular stream, stream system, lake, or other body of standing water.

the tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream

land consisting of marshes or swamps; saturated land

water held underground in the soil or in pores and crevices in rock.

the level below which the ground is saturated with water.

soft, sticky matter resulting from the mixing of earth and water

To remove soluble or other constituents from by the action of a percolating liquid.

plowing along the contours of the land in order to minimize soil erosion.

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chapter 4 vocabulary

Term	Definition
core	Earth's center,where pressures and temperatures are very high.
mantle	The section of Earth's interior that lies above the outer core and has the most mass.
magma	Liquid rock within Earth.
plate tectonics	The theory that Earth's crust is divided into rigid plates that slowly move across the upper mantle.
continental drift	The process of which Earth's plates slowly move across the upper layer.
rift valleys	Places on Earth's surface where the crust stretches until it breaks.
abyssal plains	Areas of the ocean floor where rocks gradually sink because they have no supporting heat below them; the world's flattest and smoothest regions.
continental shelves	Areas where continental surfaces extend under the shallow ocean water around the continents.
trench	A deep valley marking a collision of plates, where one plate slides under another.
folds	Places where rocks have been compressed into bends by colliding plates.
faults	Places where rock masses have been broken apart and are moving away from each other.
weathering	The process of rocks break and decay over time.
sediment	Small particles of weathered rocks.
erosion	Movement of surface materials from one location to another by water, wind, or ice.
glaciers	Thick masses of ice, including great ice sheets and bodies of ice thst flow down mountains like slow rivers.
plateau	A elevated flatland that rises sharply above nearly land on at least one side.
alluvial fan	Fan-shaped deposit of mud and gravel often found along the bases of mountains.
delta	Accumulation of sediments at the mouth of a river.
desalinization	To remove salts and other chemicals from seawater or soil.
hydrologic cycle	The continuous process by which water is circulated throughout the Earth and its atmosphere.
headwaters	The water from which a river rises; a source. Often used in the plural
tributary	A stream that flows into a larger stream or other body of water.
watershed	A ridge of high land dividing two areas that are drained by different river systems
drainage basin	An area drained by a river system. A drainage basin includes all areas that gather precipitation water and direct it to a particular stream, stream system, lake, or other body of standing water.
estuaries	the tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream
wetlands	land consisting of marshes or swamps; saturated land
groundwater	water held underground in the soil or in pores and crevices in rock.
water table	the level below which the ground is saturated with water.
humus	soft, sticky matter resulting from the mixing of earth and water
leaching	To remove soluble or other constituents from by the action of a percolating liquid.
contour plowing	plowing along the contours of the land in order to minimize soil erosion.
soil exhaustion
crop rotation
irrigation
soil salinization
deforestation
reforestation
acid rain
aqueducts
aquifers
fossil water
ore
fossil fules
petrochemicals
hydroelectric power
geothermal energy

Created by: quindoughty

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