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Chapter3 and4 vocab
chapters three and four vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| culture | the way of life that distinguishes a people, for example goverment , language , religion , customs , and beliefs |
| population density | the average number of people living in green area |
| birthrate | the number of live births each year per 1,000 people |
| immigrant | a person who moves into a country |
| emigrant | a person who leaves a country to go else where |
| urbanization | the growth of city populations |
| rural | sof , or characteristics of the countryside |
| culture hearth | a place in which important ideas begin and there after spread to surronding cultures |
| cultural convergence | the contact and interaction of one culture with another |
| diffusion | the process by which a cultural element is transmitted from one group or person to another |
| cultural divergence | the restrictions of a culture from utside influences |
| Soveringnty | A countrys freedom and power to decide on polocies and actions |
| Unitary System | a systems goverment in which one central goverment holds most of the political power |
| Federation | a goverment structure in which some powers are given to the national goverment and other powers are reserved for more local goverments |
| Confederation | a system of goverment in which individual political units keep their soverignty but give limited power to a central goverment |
| Authoritarian | descriptive of a system of goverment in which the leaders hold all political power |
| Dictatorship | asystem of gov. in which absolute power is held by a small group or one person |
| Totalitarianism | a system of gov. in which a central authority controls all aspects of society |
| Monarchy | a system of authorization goverment headed by a monarch- A king , queen , shah , or sultan - whose position is usually inherited |
| Democracy | a system of goverment in which the people are invested with power to choose their leaders and determin gov. policy |
| Traditional Economy | a ecenomic system in which families produce goods and ervices for their own use , with little srplus and exchange of goods also known as substience economy |
| market economy | an econonomic system in which decisions about production, price, and other economic factors are determined by the law of supply and demand |
| commad economy | an economic system that is controlled by a single central gov. |
| Natural resource | a material in the natural enviroment that people value and use to satify their needs |
| Renewable Resource | A natural resource that the enviroment continues to supply or renew as it is used |
| Nonrenewable Resources | a natural resource that cannot be replaced once it is used |
| Fossil Fuel | any one of several nonrenewable mineral resources formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals used for fuel |
| Nuclear Energy | a type of energy produced by fussion- the splitting or uranium atoms in a nuclear reactor , releasing stored energy |
| Water Power | energy produced from falling water to move machinery or generate electricity |
| Geothermal Energy | energy produced from the earths intense interior heat |
| Solar energy | energy produced by the sun |
| primary economic activity | an economic activity that takes or uses natural resources directly , such as fishing or mining |
| subsistence farming | farming that provides only enough for the needs of a family or village |
| commercial farming | the raising of crops and live stock for sale in markets |
| secondary economic activity | an economic activity in which people use raw materials to produce or manufacture new products of great value |
| cottage industry | a small-scale manufacturing operation using little technology often located in or near peoples homes |
| commercial industry | a large scale manufacturing operation that employees many people and produces large quantities of goods |
| tertiary economic activity | a economic activity in people people do not directly gather or process raw materials but presue activities that serve others |
| quaternary economic activity | an economical activity that focuses on the acquistion , processing , and sharing of information , such as education or research |
| export | an item that is sent out of the country for sale |
| import | an item that is brought into the country for sale |
Created by:
RebeccaHammons
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