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Pendergrass
Ch.3,4 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Culture | the way of life that distinguishes a people, for example, government, language, religion,customs, and beliefs |
| Population density | The average number of people living in a given area |
| birthrate | the number of live births each year per 1,000 people |
| immigrant | a person who moves into a country |
| emigrant | a person who leaves a country to live elsewhere |
| urbanization | the growth of city populations |
| rural | of,or characteristic of, the countryside |
| culture hearth | a place in which important ideas being and thereafter spread to surrounding cultures |
| cultural convergence | the contact and interaction of one culture with another |
| diffusion | the process by which a culture element is transmitted from one group or individual to another |
| cultural divergence | the restricted of a culture from outside influence |
| sovereignty | A country's freedom and power to decide on policies and actions |
| unitary system | A system of government in which one central government holds most of the political power |
| federation | A government structure in which some powers are given to the national government and other powers are reserved for more local governments |
| confederation | a system of government in which individual political units keep their sovereignty but give limited power to a central government |
| authoritarian | Descriptive of a system of government in which the leaders hold all political power |
| dictatorship | A system of government in which absolute power is held by a small group or one person |
| totalitarianism | A system of government in which authority controls all aspects of society |
| monarchy | A system of authority government headed by a monarch-a king, queen, shah, or sultan-whose position is usually inherited |
| democracy | A system of government in which the people are invested with the power to choose their leaders and determine government policy |
| traditional economy | An economy system in which families produce goods and services for their own use, with little surplus and exchange of goods; also know as a subsistence economy |
| market economy | An economy system in which decisions about production, price, and other economic factors are determined by the law of supply and demand |
| command economy | An economic system that is controlled by a single central government |
| natural resource | a material in the natural environment that people value and use to satisfy their needs |
| renewable resource | a natural resource that the environment continues to supply or replace as it is used |
| nonrenewable resource | a natural resource that cannot be replaced once it is used |
| fossil fuel | any one of several nonrenewable mineral resource formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals and used for fuel |
| nuclear energy | a type of energy produced by fission the splitting of uranium atoms in a nuclear reactor releasing stored energy |
| water power | energy produced from falling water to move machinery or generate electricity |
| geothermal energy | energy produced from the earth's intense interior heat |
| solar energy | energy produced by the sun |
| Primary economic activity | An economic activity that takes or uses natural resources directly, such as fishing or mining |
| subsistence farming | Farming that provides only enough for the needs of a family or village |
| commercial farming | The raising of crops and livestock for sale in markets |
| secondary economic activity | An economic activity in which people use raw materials to produce or manufacture new products of greater values |
| cottage industry | a small-scale manufacturing operation using little technology, often located in or near people's homes |
| commercial industry | a large-scale manufacturing operation that employs many people and produces large quantities of goods |
| tertiary economic activity | an economic activity in which people do not directly gather or process raw materials but pursue activities that serve others; service industry |
| quaternary economic ativity | An economic activity that focuses on the acquisition, processing, and sharing of information, such as education or research |
| export | an item that is sent out of the country for sale |
| import | an item that is brought into the country for sale |
Created by:
tyfox
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