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World Geog

Chapter 1 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
1. Geography The study of where people , places , and things are located and how they relate to each other.
2. GIS A geographic information system , which uses computer technology to collect and analyze data about the earth's surface in order to solve geographic problems
3. Absolute Location The position on the earth in which a place can be found.
4. Hemisphere A half of the earth ; the Equator divides the Northern and Southern hemisphere ; the Prime Meridian divides the Eastern and Western hemispheres.
5. Relative Location The position of a place in relation to another place.
6. Character Of A Place The physical and human characteristics that help to distinguish a place from other places.
7. Perception A group of places that is defined by people's feelings and attitudes.
8. Formal Region A group of places that have similar attributes , for example , a political region.
9. Functional Region A group of places connected by movement , for example , the region drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries.
10. Perceptual Region A group of places that is defined by peopl's feelings and attitudes.
11. Core The earth's center , consisting of very hot metal that is dense and solid in the inner core and molten , or liquid , in the outer core.
12. Mantle A thick layer of mostly solid rock beneath the earth's crust that surrounds the earth's core.
13. Crust The solid , rocky , surface layer of the earth.
14. Lithosphere The surface features of the earth , including soil , rocks , and landforms.
15. Atmosphere The layer of gases , water vapor, and other substances above the earth.
16. Hydrosphere The water contained in oceans , lakes , rivers , and under the ground.
17. Biosphere The world of plants , and other living things in earth's land and waters.
18. Continent Any of the seven large landmasses of the earth's surface : Africa , Antarctica , Asia , Australia , Europe , North America , and South America.
19. Relief The differences in elevation , or height, of the landforms in any particular area.
20. Plate Tectonics The theory that the earth's outer shell is composed of a number of large , unanchored plates , or slabs of rock whose constant movement explains earthquakes and volcanic activity.
21. Continent Drift Theory The idea that continents slowly shift their positions due to movement of the tectonic plates on which they ride.
22. Ring Of Fire A ring of volcanic mountains surrounding the Pacific Ocean.
Weathering The chemical or mechanical process by which rock is gradually broken down , eventually becoming soil.
Mechanical Weathering The actual breaking up or physical weakening of rock by forces such as ice and roots.
Chemical Weathering The process by which the actual chemical structure of rock is changed , usually when water and carbon dioxide cause a breakdown of the rock.
Acid Rain Rain whose high concentration of chemicals , usually from industrial pollution , pollutes water , kills plant and animal life , and eats away at the surface of stone and rocks; a form of chemical weathering
Erosion The movement of weathered materials , including gravel , soil , and sand , usually caused by water , wind , and glaciers
Sediment Particles of soil and rock carried and deposited by water , wind , or ice.
Loess Fine-grained , mineral-rich loam , dust ,or silt deposited by the wind.
Glacier A huge , slow-moving mass of snow and ice.
Moraine A ridgelike mass of rock , gravel , sand, and clay carried and deposited by a glacier.
Created by: Jennifer15
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