| Question | Answer |
| Two major division of the ANS | Sympathetic T1-L2/L3 (thoracolumbar division).
Parasympathetic S2-S4 (craniosacral division). |
| What is the ANS controlled by | Higher Centers in the hypothalamus and limbic system as well as by afferent ssny info from the periphery |
| anterior horn cells or CN motor nuclei project directly from the CNS to skeletal mm | somatic efferent |
| peripheral synapse between the CNS and the effector gland or smooth muscle | autonomic efferent |
| ssny inputs for the ANS are located where | Centrally.
&
Peripherally. |
| does the ANS have afferent and efferent pathways | no just efferent |
| enteric | third division of the ANS.
consist of neural plexus lying w/in the wall of the gut |
| Where are the preganglionic nns of the sympathetic system? | Intermediolateral cell column.
AKA: lateral horn |
| 2 set of sympathetic ganglia | 1. paired paravertebral ganglia.
2. paired pre vertebral ganglia . |
| What do the paravertebral ganglia form?
Where does it run?
Purpose? | Sympathetic Chain.
Cervical to sacral on each side of the SC.
Allows sympathetic efferents, which exit only the thoracolumbar levels , to reach other parts of the body as well |
| location of prevertebral ganglia | celiac plexus surrounding the aorta.
(contain lots of ganglia) |
| do preganglionic sympathetics neuron or post have a longer distance to travel | post ganaglionic neurons |
| parasympathetic preganglionic fiber must travle a _____ distance to reach there terminal ganglia located _____ or ________ effector organ | Long.
Within
Near |
| parasympathetic preganglionic fiber arise where | Cranial nn parasympathetic nuclei
Sacral parasympathetic nuclei (located in lateral gray matter of S2-S4) |
| outflow of both divisions is controlled directly and indirectly by what higher centers | Hypothalamus
BS nuclei (nucleus solitarius)
Amygdala (limbic region) |
| What can other ANS responses be regulated by beside higher centers? | Afferent ssy info:
-Signals from internal receptors (chemoreceptors, osmoreceptors, thermoreceptor and baroreceptors) |
