Question | Answer |
Energy in action | Kinetic energy |
Stored energy, that has the potential, or capability to do work but is not doing so | potential energy |
The form stored in the bonds of chemical substances | Chemical energy |
This energy results from the movement of charged particles | Electrical energy |
Energy directly involved in moving matter | Mechanical energy |
Energy that travels in waves | Radient energy or electromagnatic energy |
Unique substances that cannot be broken down into simpiler substances by ordinary chemical methods | Elements |
What 4 elements make up 96% of body weight | carbon, oxygen,hydrogen and nitrogen |
unique building blocks for each element, gives each element its physical and chemical properties | Atom |
One or two letter chemical shorthand for each element | Atomic Symbol |
Atoms are composed of subatomic particles called | Protons, neutrons, and electrons |
where are protons and neutrons found? | The nucleus |
Where are electrons found? | Found orbiting the nucleus in and electron cloud |
What model is useful for predicting chemical behavior in atoms? | Orbital model |
Number of protons in the nucleus is called? | Atomic Number. (Left side of atomic symbol) |
Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus | Mass number |
Two or more atoms bonded together is called? | A molecule |
Two or more different kinds of atoms bonded together is called? | A compound |
What are the 3 types of mixtures? | Solutions, Colloids, Suspentions |
Solutions are Homogenous mixtures | |
Substance found in greatest amount, usually in water, and usually a liquid | Solvent |
Present in smaller amounts | Solute |
Colloids AKA (emulsions) are Heterogenous mixtures. Can be liqid or solid | some undergo Sol-gel transformations |
Suspentions are Heterogenous mixtures | |
Mixtures have NO chemical bonding, they CAN be seperated by physical means, and they are Hetero or Homogenious | |
Compounds HAVE chemical bonding between components, they CAN be seperated only by BREAKING bonds, all are HOMOgenious | |
What are chemical bonds? | Energey rel;ationships between ELECTRONS of reacting atoms |
What is a Valance shell? | Outermost electron shell |
What are the 3 types of chemical bonds? | Ionic Bonds, Covalent bonds, and hydrogen bonds |
Chemical Bond between atoms formed by the transfer of 1 or more electrons from one atom to another | Ionic bond ex. table salt and and sodium chloride (NaCl) |
chemical bond created electron SHARING between atoms | Covalent bonds |
How are covalent bonds formed? | By sharing TWo or more valence shell electrons |
Non polor= shared Equally, straight structure Polor= NO sharing | ex CO2 ex H2O |
Attractive force between electro+ H of one molecule abd a electro- atom of another molucule | Hydrogen bond |
When do chemical reactions occur? | When chemical bonds are formed, rearranged, or broken. |
What is synthesis? | When atoms or molecules combine to form a larger, more complex molecule A+B->AB |
when does a decomposition reaction occur? | When a molecule is broken down into smaller molecules AB->A+B |