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Chemistry comes aliv
Chapter 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Energy in action | Kinetic energy |
| Stored energy, that has the potential, or capability to do work but is not doing so | potential energy |
| The form stored in the bonds of chemical substances | Chemical energy |
| This energy results from the movement of charged particles | Electrical energy |
| Energy directly involved in moving matter | Mechanical energy |
| Energy that travels in waves | Radient energy or electromagnatic energy |
| Unique substances that cannot be broken down into simpiler substances by ordinary chemical methods | Elements |
| What 4 elements make up 96% of body weight | carbon, oxygen,hydrogen and nitrogen |
| unique building blocks for each element, gives each element its physical and chemical properties | Atom |
| One or two letter chemical shorthand for each element | Atomic Symbol |
| Atoms are composed of subatomic particles called | Protons, neutrons, and electrons |
| where are protons and neutrons found? | The nucleus |
| Where are electrons found? | Found orbiting the nucleus in and electron cloud |
| What model is useful for predicting chemical behavior in atoms? | Orbital model |
| Number of protons in the nucleus is called? | Atomic Number. (Left side of atomic symbol) |
| Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus | Mass number |
| Two or more atoms bonded together is called? | A molecule |
| Two or more different kinds of atoms bonded together is called? | A compound |
| What are the 3 types of mixtures? | Solutions, Colloids, Suspentions |
| Solutions are Homogenous mixtures | |
| Substance found in greatest amount, usually in water, and usually a liquid | Solvent |
| Present in smaller amounts | Solute |
| Colloids AKA (emulsions) are Heterogenous mixtures. Can be liqid or solid | some undergo Sol-gel transformations |
| Suspentions are Heterogenous mixtures | |
| Mixtures have NO chemical bonding, they CAN be seperated by physical means, and they are Hetero or Homogenious | |
| Compounds HAVE chemical bonding between components, they CAN be seperated only by BREAKING bonds, all are HOMOgenious | |
| What are chemical bonds? | Energey rel;ationships between ELECTRONS of reacting atoms |
| What is a Valance shell? | Outermost electron shell |
| What are the 3 types of chemical bonds? | Ionic Bonds, Covalent bonds, and hydrogen bonds |
| Chemical Bond between atoms formed by the transfer of 1 or more electrons from one atom to another | Ionic bond ex. table salt and and sodium chloride (NaCl) |
| chemical bond created electron SHARING between atoms | Covalent bonds |
| How are covalent bonds formed? | By sharing TWo or more valence shell electrons |
| Non polor= shared Equally, straight structure Polor= NO sharing | ex CO2 ex H2O |
| Attractive force between electro+ H of one molecule abd a electro- atom of another molucule | Hydrogen bond |
| When do chemical reactions occur? | When chemical bonds are formed, rearranged, or broken. |
| What is synthesis? | When atoms or molecules combine to form a larger, more complex molecule A+B->AB |
| when does a decomposition reaction occur? | When a molecule is broken down into smaller molecules AB->A+B |
Created by:
tastarr
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