Question | Answer |
Harry Harlow | conducted research that concluded that infant monkeys need intimancy, warmth, physical contact, & comfort |
Peer Group | a set of individauls of roughly the same age & interests |
Imitation Stage | when children (ages 1-2) begin to imitate behaviors without understanding why |
Significant Others | Those people whose reactions are most important to you |
Play Stage | When children (ages 3-4) act in ways that they imagine other people would |
Looking-glass self | An imagine of yourself based on what you believe others think of you |
Agents of Socialization | Family, School, Peer Groups, Mass Media |
Anticipatory Socialization | the voluntary process of preparing to accept new norms, values, attitudes, & behaviors |
Self-concept | An image of yourself as having an identity separate from other people |
Total Institutions | Places were residents are separated from the rest of society, e.g. prison,cult, or a mental hospital |
Desocialization | Process by which people give up old norms, values, attitudes, & behavior |
Resocialization | Process in which people adopt new norms, values, attitudes, & behaviors |
Game Stage | When children become able to consider the roles of several people at the same time. In this stage, children start to gear their behavior toward the norms of the group. |
Reference Group | Group whose norms and values are used to guide behavior; group with whom you identify |
Hidden Curriculum | the informal and unofficial aspects of culture taught in schools such as cooperation, discipline, and a sense of time |
Socialization | Process of learning how to participate in group life |
Genie, Anna, & Isabelle | case studies of isolated children supporting Harlow's monkey research |
Rene Spitz | In 1945, explored development in institutionalized children; found that these children were more likely to be physically, mentally, and socially retarded |
The Value of Play | Children learn: Cooperation & Negotiation, Sharing & Compromise, Following Rules, Self-esteem, Self-control |
George Herbert Mead | Individuals learn not only how to see themselves as others see them, but also how to take the role of others |
When does socialization start? | At birth & continues throught our lives |