Question | Answer |
Obstructive | Reductions in airflow with or without reductions in vital capacity |
Restrictive | Decreased vital capacity with normal expiratory airflows. |
Obstructive Disease | Increases = Total Lung Capacity, Functional Residual Volume, Residual Volume, PaCO2
Decreases: Vital Capacity, FEV1 (sharp decrease) |
Restrictive Disease | Normal: FEV1
Decreases: Total Lung Capacity, Functional Residual Capacity, Residual Volume, Vital Capacity, PaCO2 |
Upper Lobes (Apical segments) | Pt leans back on pillow at 30 degree angle. Therapist claps with cupped hand over area between clavicle and top of scapula on each side. |
Upper Lobes (Posterior segments) | Pt leans over folded pillow at 30 degree angle.
Therapist stands behind and claps over upper back on both sides. |
Upper Lobes (Anterior segments) | Pt lies on back with pillow under knees.
Therapist claps between clavicle and nipple on each side. |
Right Middle Lobe | Foot of table or bed elevated 16 inches
Patient lies head down on left side and rotates 1/4 turn backward, knees flexed.
Therapist claps over right nipple area. |
Left Upper Lobe (Lingular segments) | Foot of table or bed elevated 16 inches.
Pt lies head down on right side and rotates 1/4 turn backward, knees flexed.
Therapist claps with moderately cupped hand over left nipple area. |
Lower Lobes (Anterior Basal segments) | Foot of table or bed elevated 20 inches
Pt lies on side, head down, pillow under knees.
Therapist claps with slightly cupped hand over lower ribs. |
Lower Lobes (Lateral Basal segments) | Foot of table or bed elevated 20 inches.
Pt lies on abdomen, head down, then rotates 1/4 turn upward. Upper leg is flexed over a pillow for support.
Therapist claps over uppermost portion of lower ribs. |
Lower Lobes (Posteriro Basal segments) | Foot of table or bed elevated 20 inches
Patient lies on abdomen, head down, with pillow under hips.
Therapist claps over lower ribs close to spine on each side. |
Lower Lobes (Superior segments) | Bed or table flat
Pt lies on abdomen with two pillows under hips
Therapist claps over middle of back at tip of scapula on either side of spine. |