Question | Answer |
During the years that a woman is more likely to be sexually active, the vagina mucosa is protected from infection by: | an acidic pH. |
Which of the following hormones plays a role in breast milk ejection (let down) during lactation? | Oxytocin |
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes which of the following cancers? | Cervical |
Which hormone promotes breast development during puberty? | Estrogen |
Which paired glands lie posterior to the urinary bladder in the male? | Seminal vesicles |
Cryptorchidism can be defined as: | problems with testicular descent. |
Which of the following is not a characteristic associated with declining ovarian function with age? | Decreased risk of coronary disease |
Spermatogenesis occurs in the: | seminiferous tubules. |
The thick middle layer of the uterine wall is the: | myometrium. |
Urethritis is a common disorder of the male urethra and is commonly caused by: | Neisseria gonorrhea. |
In the vast majority of cases of delayed puberty the problem is: | slow maturation. |
The glands of Montgomery are located in the: | breasts. |
When estrogen and progesterone levels drop, the endometrium enters: | the menstrual phase. |
The most potent of the following estrogens is: | estradiol. |
In stage _____ ovarian cancer is limited to the ovaries. | I |
Progesterone is often referred to as "the hormone of pregnancy." Which of the following phrases describes its action during pregnancy? | Prevents smooth muscle contraction of the uterus |
The pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome is related to: | hyperinsulinemia. |
Which of the following signs is usually the first clinical manifestation of breast cancer? | A painless lump |
The cause of primary dysmenorrhea is thought to be related to: | elevated prostaglandins. |
The descent of the bladder and the anterior vaginal wall into the vaginal wall is called: | a cystocele. |
The most commonly occurring cancer of the female reproductive tract is: | endometrial cancer. |
Which of the following are benign uterine tumors that develop from smooth muscle cells in the myometrium and are commonly called uterine fibroids? | Leiomyomas |
During the menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs after: | a sharp rise in luteinizing hormone (LH). |
______ is the "bent nail condition," a fibrotic condition that causes lateral curvature of the penis during erection. | Peyronie disease |
The condition in which the foreskin cannot be retracted back over the glans penis is called: | phimosis. |
Yeast vaginitis is caused by overgrowth of which microorganism? | Candida albicans |
Which body structure contains the openings to the vagina and urinary meatus? | Vestibule |
In postpubertal males, which organism is the most common infectious cause of orchitis? | Mumps |
The luteinizing hormone surge transforms granulosa cells into: | corpus luteal cells. |
The duct that carries the ovum from the ovary to the uterus is called the: | fallopian tube. |
Cells of the ____ have receptors for gonadotropins. | ovary |
Symptoms of prostatitis are similar to: | urinary tract infection. |
Prostate cancer: | is the leading type of cancer in men. |
Medical therapies for endometriosis include suppressing: | ovulation. |
Which of the following is a normal characteristic of aging and the male reproductive system? | Changes in libido |
Which sexually transmitted infection can cause infertility and blindness and is often asymptomatic in men and women? | Syphilis |
An important risk factor in the development of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is: | increased age. |
The usual site of fertilization is the: | ampulla of the fallopian tubes. |
Galactorrhea is generally caused by: | hormonal imbalances. |
In utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES), an agent given to pregnant women between 1938 and 1971 to prevent miscarriage, increases a woman's risk for which cancer? | Vaginal |
Having ejected a mature ovum, the ovarian follicle then develops into: | a corpus luteum. |
An example of a parasitic sexually transmitted infection that is transmitted through close skin-to-skin contact is: | scabies. |
Which of the following types of ovarian cyst is a teratoma that often contain skin, hair, cartilage, and bone? | Dermoid cyst. |
A common complaint from men with mild to moderate benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is: | decreased urinary stream. |
The major difference between male and female sex hormone production is that: | sex hormone production in the male is relatively constant. |
The major hormonal determinant of sexual differentiation in utero is: | testosterone. |
Menstruation is followed by the ______ phase of the menstrual cycle. | follicular |
Endometrial thickening during the proliferative phase is stimulated by increased levels of: | estrogen. |
Clinical manifestations of a female patient include the following: irregular and/or heavy bleeding, passage of large clots, and anemia. This patient is experiencing: | dysfunctional uterine bleeding. |
To prevent prostate cancer, men should be encouraged to consume a diet low in: | fat. |
Changes in the cervical mucus can be used to identify the periods in which a female is most fertile. During ovulation, cervical mucus can be described as: | abundant and elastic. |
The ova are contained within the ovarian: | follicle. |
Gynecomastia is: | overdevelopment of breast tissue in males. |
A female patient, age 6, is showing growth of pubic hair. All other physical characteristics appear normal. The correct diagnosis would be: | incomplete precocious puberty. |
The risk of testicular cancer is greater for men with a history of: | cryptorchidism. |
Polycystic ovarian syndrome often results in: | infertility. |
"Which hormone promotes the formation of channels in the mucus of the cervical os to facilitate sperm movement into the uterus? | Estrogen |
Puberty in males and females is triggered by the hormone: | leptin. |
______ is inflammation of the glans penis. | Balanitis |
Progesterone is primarily secreted by the: | corpus luteum. |
Dysmenorrhea manifests with which of the following symptoms? | Painful menstruation |
_____ is an acute inflammation of the testes. | Orchitis |
The pigmented area around the nipple of the breast is called the _____. | areola |
Testicular _____ is when the testes become twisted, thereby constricting blood vessels and interrupting its blood supply, which causes testicular pain and swelling. | torsion |
Most lymph from the breast tissue drains through the _____ lymph nodes. | axillary |
The testes and epididymis are enclosed and protected by the _____. | scrotum |
The lower opening of the uterus is the _____. | cervix |
Before menopause, the mucosal layer of the _____ is covered with transverse rugae. | vagina |
The ______ is a body of erectile tissue located between the labia minora in females and is the major site of stimulation and orgasm. | clitoris |
Male embryos begin to produce the hormone _____ that promotes the development of testes. | testosterone |
Galactorrhea is the excessive secretion of fluid from the _____. | breast, nipple |
A _______ is an abnormal dilation of a vein within the spermatic cord that can lead to fertility problems. | varicocele |
A 50 year-old woman has not had a menstrual period for 1 year. She is in the developmental period of _____. | menopause |
Sperm are transported from the testes to the urethra through a duct called the _______. | vas deferens, ductus deferens |
The _____ is the internal lining of the uterine wall. | endometrium |
An ovarian _______ is a benign, fluid-filled sac that grows to a typical size of 5 to 6 cm. | cyst |