Question | Answer |
International Congress of Chemists | Karlsruhe, Germany |
Created the first periodic table | Mendeleev |
arranged atoms by atomic mass | Mendeleev |
arranged atoms by atomic number | Moseley |
Moseley's Partner | Rutherford |
Periodic Law | The physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers |
Proposed the noble gases | Ramsay |
Ramsay's partner | John William Strutt |
Discovered Radon | Dorn |
How many electrons does the S orbital hold? | 2 |
Which orbital holds 14 electrons? | the F orbital |
Which groups are in the S block? | 1 and 2 |
what are these groups also known as? | 1- alkali metals, 2-alkaline earh metals |
Which groups are in the D block | 3-12 |
What are thes groups also known as? | transitional elements |
how many energy levels lower than the period its on is the orbital of the D block? | 1 |
What groups does the P block include? | 13-18 |
what other name can we call the P-block? | main-group elements |
what other name is group 17 known by? | Halogens |
what other name is group 18 known by? | Noble Gases |
what periods are the F block in? | 6 and 7 |
What groups are they wedged between? | 3 and 4 |
What is period 6 of the F block known as? | the lanthanides |
what is period 7 of the F block known as? | the actinides |
The Atomic Radius | on half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together |
what is the periodic trend of the atomic radius? | gets smaller from left to right |
what is the group trend of the atomic raduis? | gets bigger as we go down |
Ionization energy | the amount of energy in kJ/mol required to remove an electron to create an ion |
Ionization | any process that forms an ion |
what is the period trend of Ionization energy? | Increases from left to right |
what is the group trend of IE? | decreases from top to bottom |
Removing more electrons requires: | more energy for each successful electron |
Electron Affinity | the energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom |
what groups have no electron affinity? | 2, 12 and 18 |
why would Nitrogen (group 15) not have any electron affinity? | because it's p orbital is half full |
Are second electron affinities positive or negative? | Positive |
Cation | positive ion |
Anion | negative ion |
where are a majority of the Cations? | to the left |
Where are the anions? | to the upper right |
Valence electrons | electrons available for chemical reaction |
Electronegativity | the measure of ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons |
who devised electronegativity? | Linus Pauling |
What element is the most electronegative and what is its value? | Fluorine; 4 |
What is the trends for electronegativity? | it gets bigger from left to right and smaller top to bottom |