Question | Answer |
HCL | Hydrochloric acid |
KOH | potassium hydroxide |
NH4OH | ammonium hydroxide |
H2SO4 | sulfuric acid |
H2CO3 | carbonic |
NaOH | sodium hydroxide |
HNO3 | nitric |
H3PO4 | phosphoric |
Ca(OH)2 | calcium hydroxide |
Mg(OH)2 | magnesium hydroxide |
mixture that is made up of different things but comes together as one, evenly distributed | homogenous mixture |
dissolvent ( sugar in ice tea ) | solute |
what doe the dissolving( usually water ) | solvent |
dissolving process | stirring, heating, crushing |
water pulls ions from crystals | dissociation ( ionic compound ) |
water floats molecules away | dispersion ( polar ) |
water pulls molecules apart, creating ions | ionization ( polar ) |
properties of solutions | coductivity, lower freezing point, raise boiling point, heat with acids and bases |
during the formation of a solution energy is released or absorbed | heat of solution |
when heat is released | exothermic |
when heat is absorbed | endothermic` |
contains as muc solute as the solvent can hold | saturated |
could dissolve more solute | unsaturated |
more solute is dissolved than the solvent can hold | supersaturated |
the amount of solute comparted to the solvent by percentage | concentration |
like dissolves like | polar and nonpolar |
factors affecting solubility of solids and gases | temperature and pressure |
produces hydronium ions in water solution, sour taste, corrosive to metals, electrolyte, reacts with indicators, and neutralizes bases. | properties of aicds (H30+) |
produces hydroxide ions in water solutions, bitter taste, slippery feel, caustic to flesh, electrolyte, reacts with indicators, and neutralizes acids. | properties of bases (OH-) |
when to atoms combine sometimes a substance preciptates out, the compound formed from the postive part of the base and the negative part f the acid. | salts |
a chemical reaction between and acid and a base producing a salt and water. | neutralization |
a pH of 7 | neutral |
a pH under 7 | acid |
a pH between 7 and 14 | base |
organicm acentric, boric, carbonic, citric, stuff you can eat, drink, not harmful | weak acids |
dilute, antacids, used in medicines and cleaners, eats away at acids and balences it out | weak bases |
solutions that are resistant to large changes in pH | buffers |
solutions that conduct electric currents | electrolytes |