Question | Answer |
a hydrocarbon that contains only carbon-carbon single bonds | saturated hydrocarbon |
hydrocarbons in which carbons are joined together by single bonds are called | alkanes |
CnH2n+2 is the type formula for | alkanes |
the type formula for alkanes is | CnH2n+2 |
prefix meth- | 1 |
prefix eth- | 2 |
prefix prop- | 3 |
prefix but- | 4 |
prefix pent- | 5 |
prefix hex- | 6 |
prefix hept- | 7 |
prefix oct- | 8 |
prefix non- | 9 |
prefix dec- | 10 |
when a hydrogen atom is removed from an alkane a _______ is formed | alkyl group |
type formula for an alkyl group | CnH2n+1 |
CnH2n+1 is the type formula for | alkyl group |
the substances formed when an alkyl group attaches to Group VII elements are | alkyl halides |
RX is the general formula for | alkyl halides |
the general formula for alkyl halides is | RX |
alkyl halide: carbon tetrachloride | CCl4 |
alkyl halide: chloroform | CHCl3 |
these hydrocarbons have multiple bonds between carbon atoms | unsaturated hydrocarbons |
a large molecule made by linking together a number of monomers, or basic chemical units | polymer |
the linking together of monomers or basic chemical units to form a polymer | polymerization |
substances which contain one or more double bonds between two of the carbon atoms | alkenes |
CnH2n is the type formula for | alkenes |
the type formula for alkenes is | CnH2n |
the simplest alkene is | ethene |
an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing one or more triple bonds between two of the carbon atoms | alkyne |
CnH2n-2 is the type formula for | alkyne |
the type formula for alkynes is | CnH2n-2 |
the simplest of the alkynes, known as a settling gas: | ethyne |
any compound containing a resonance-stabilized ring such as benzene and its derivatives | aromatic |
C6H6 is | benzene |
a colorless flammable liquid used to synthesize many other chemicals | benzene |
a solvent found in paint thinners, also used to manufacture TNT | toluene |
C6H5CH3 | toluene |
this aromatic features a methyl group | toluene |
also called carbolic acid/weak acid, or hydroxybenzene | phenol |
C6H5OH | phenol |
this aromatic features a hydroxyl group | phenol |
orthodichlorobenzene has the Cl attached at the ___ and ____ carbons | 1st and 2nd |
metadichlorobenzene has the Cl attached at the ___ and _____ carbons | 1st and 3rd |
paradichlorobenzene has the Cl attached at the ___ and ____ carbons | 1st and 4th |
this aromatic is also used as a mold-inhibitor | paradichlorobenzene |
ortho, meta, and para isomers where a methyl group are the hydrogen substitutes | xylenes |
these aromatics make very good organic solvents and are good at synthesizing other products | xylenes |
ortho, meta, and para isomers where a methyl group AND a hydroxyl group are attached | cresols |
these aromatics make good surface disinfectants and are used in lysol products | cresols |
contain two or more fused benzene rings, the simplest of which is naphthalene | polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons |
have a ring structure that contains some element other than carbon IN the ring | heterocyclic compounds |
nicotine is an example of a | heterocyclic compound |
indole and skatole are examples of | heterocyclic compounds |