Question | Answer |
electromagnetic radiation | A form of energy exhibiting wave like behavior as it travels through space. |
wavelength | The shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave;expressed in meters, centimeters, and nanometers. |
frequency | The number of waves that pass a given point per second. |
amplitude | The height of a wave from the origin to a crest, or from the origin to a trough. |
electromagnetic spectrum | Includes all forms of electromagnetic radiation, with the only difference in the type of radiation being their frequency and wavelength. |
quantum | The minimum amount of energy that came be gained or lost by an atom. |
planck's constant | h, which has a value of 6.626x10*-34 J.s, J is the symbol for the joule. |
photoelectric effect | A phenomenon in which a photoelectric are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface. |
photon | A particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy. |
atomic emission spectrum | A set of of frequencies electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of series of fine lines of individual colors. |
ground state | The lowest allowable energy state of an atom. |
de Brogile equation | Predicts that all moving particles have wave characteristics and relates each particle's wavelength to it's frequency it's mass and Planck's constant. |
heisenberg uncertainty principle | The prinicipal that states is not possible to know precisely both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time. |
quantum mechanical model | An atomic model in which electrons are treated as waves; also called the wave mechanical model of the atom. |
Atomic orbital | A three dimensional region around the nucleus of atom that describes an electron's probable location. |
principal quantum numbers | numbers that the quantum mechanical model assigns to indicate the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals. |
principal energy level | The major energy levels of an atom. |
energy sublevel | the energy levels contained within a principal energy level. |
electron configuration | The arrangement of electrons in a atom, which is prescribed as three rules- the aufbau principal, the Pauli exclusion principal, and Hunds rule. |
Aufbau principle | States that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available. |
Pauli exclusion principle | States that a maximum of two electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital but only if the electron has opposite spins. |
Hunds rule | States that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals. |
valence electrons | The electrons in an atoms outter most orbitals; determine the chemical properties of an element. |
electron dot structure | Consists of an elements symbol, representing the atomic nucleus and inner-level electrons thats surrounded by dots representing the atoms valence electrons. |