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WM Chemistry Ch 5

WM Chemistry Ch 5 Vocab

QuestionAnswer
electromagnetic radiation A form of energy exhibiting wave like behavior as it travels through space.
wavelength The shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave;expressed in meters, centimeters, and nanometers.
frequency The number of waves that pass a given point per second.
amplitude The height of a wave from the origin to a crest, or from the origin to a trough.
electromagnetic spectrum Includes all forms of electromagnetic radiation, with the only difference in the type of radiation being their frequency and wavelength.
quantum The minimum amount of energy that came be gained or lost by an atom.
planck's constant h, which has a value of 6.626x10*-34 J.s, J is the symbol for the joule.
photoelectric effect A phenomenon in which a photoelectric are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface.
photon A particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy.
atomic emission spectrum A set of of frequencies electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element; consists of series of fine lines of individual colors.
ground state The lowest allowable energy state of an atom.
de Brogile equation Predicts that all moving particles have wave characteristics and relates each particle's wavelength to it's frequency it's mass and Planck's constant.
heisenberg uncertainty principle The prinicipal that states is not possible to know precisely both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time.
quantum mechanical model An atomic model in which electrons are treated as waves; also called the wave mechanical model of the atom.
Atomic orbital A three dimensional region around the nucleus of atom that describes an electron's probable location.
principal quantum numbers numbers that the quantum mechanical model assigns to indicate the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals.
principal energy level The major energy levels of an atom.
energy sublevel the energy levels contained within a principal energy level.
electron configuration The arrangement of electrons in a atom, which is prescribed as three rules- the aufbau principal, the Pauli exclusion principal, and Hunds rule.
Aufbau principle States that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available.
Pauli exclusion principle States that a maximum of two electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital but only if the electron has opposite spins.
Hunds rule States that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals.
valence electrons The electrons in an atoms outter most orbitals; determine the chemical properties of an element.
electron dot structure Consists of an elements symbol, representing the atomic nucleus and inner-level electrons thats surrounded by dots representing the atoms valence electrons.
Created by: TBrylewski
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