| Term | Definition |
| Laissez-Faire | Political idea that government should play a small role as possible in peoples lives
Americans solving their own problems (unless a disaster) |
| Judicial Review | Power of the Supreme Court to decide whether laws made by congress are constitutional |
| Marbury vs. Madison(1803) | Supreme Court case that defined the power of Judicial Review |
| Louisiana Purchase(1803) | Purchase of Louisiana territory from France in 1803 for 15 million dollars |
| Expedition | Long journey or voyage of exploration |
| Impressment | Act of kidnapping and forcing someone to serve in the Navy
Only kidnapping sailors |
| Embargo | Ban on trade with another country |
| Embargo Act (1807) | Law that forbid Americans to import or export any goods |
| Nonintercourse Act(1809) | Law that allowed Americans to trade with all nations EXCEPT England and France |
| Nationalism | Pride in one's country |
| Warhawks | Congressman from the south and west who wanted to go to war with England in 1812 |
| The War of 1812 | The second war of independence |
| Treaty of Ghent(1814) | Treaty between England and U.S. that ended that war of 1812 |
| Adam's Onis Treaty(1812) | Treaty in which Spain gave Florida to the U.S. for $5million |
| Monroe Doctrine | Statement issued in 1823 in which President Monroe warned European nations not to interfere with the newly free Latin American Nations |
| Suffrage | the right to vote
Jacksonian Democracy |
| Mudslinging | Political tactic of using insults to attack an opponent's reputation |
| Spoil System | The practice of rewarding one's political supporters with government jobs |
| Kitchen Cabinet | Nickname given to President Jackson's unofficial advisors |
| Indian Removal Act | (1830) law that forced Native American tribes to move west of the Mississippi river |
| Trail of Tears | (1838) Event when 15000 Cherokees were forced by the army to march hundreds of miles west of the Mississippi River, causing 1/4 of the tribe to die along the way. |
