Question | Answer |
Homo- = [...] | Homo- = same |
Hetero- = [...] | Hetero- = different |
[...] = We use this word to refer to mixtures that LOOK like they are all one substance. For example, milk looks like it’s all just a white substance, but it’s actually lots of things mixed together. | Homogenous (home–ODJ-enus)= We use this word to refer to mixtures that LOOK like they are all one substance. For example, milk looks like it’s all just a white substance, but it’s actually lots of things mixed together. |
[...] = A mixture that LOOKS like one. You can SEE that it’s made of different things (e.g. chicken soup; you can see noodles and chunks of chicken) | Heterogenous (heter-ODJ-enus) = A mixture that LOOKS like one. You can SEE that it’s made of different things (e.g. chicken soup; you can see noodles and chunks of chicken) |
IGNORE K12’s definition of homogenous and heterogenous. The only thing that matters is what the mixture [...] like; not how evenly distributed the molecules are | IGNORE K12’s definition of homogenous and heterogenous. The only thing that matters is what the mixture LOOKS like; not how evenly distributed the molecules are |
Chemists separate [-s] by taking advantage of different physical properties of substances. | Chemists separate mixtures by taking advantage of different physical properties of substances. |
[-tion] can be used to separate a mixture if the particles have different sizes. (in practice, [...] works best for larger solid particles in a liquid… think coffee grinds in water) | Filtration can be used to separate a mixture if the particles have different sizes. (in practice, filtration works best for larger solid particles in a liquid… think coffee grinds in water) |
Distillation separates mixtures on the basis of [...] differences (one substance [...] away, leaving the others behind) | Distillation separates mixtures on the basis of boiling point differences (one substance boils away, leaving the others behind) |
Simple Distillation isolates [#] substance(s) from the rest of the mixture. | Simple Distillation isolates one substance from the rest of the mixture. |
Fractional Distillation isolates [...] from a mixture… this is commonly done to separate crude oil into different kinds of natural gases and oils. | Fractional Distillation isolates several substances from a mixture… this is commonly done to separate crude oil into different kinds of natural gases and oils. |
A fraction is a [...] of the whole. | A fraction is a part of the whole. |
Fractional distillation separates out [...] (fractions) from the whole. | Fractional distillation separates out several ‘parts’ (fractions) from the whole. |
Chromatography is a separation technique based on the [...] that parts of a mixture move through other substances. | Chromatography is a separation technique based on the rate that parts of a mixture move through other substances. |
In chromatography, the different parts of a mixture run an obstacle race. The smaller they are, the [-er] they move through the obstacles… this is how you separate them. | In chromatography, the different parts of a mixture run an obstacle race. The smaller they are, the faster they move through the obstacles… this is how you separate them. |
Chromato- = [...] | Chromato- = color |
-graphy = [...] | -graphy = drawing/graphing |
Chromato-graphy (croma-TOG-rafy) got its name from the fact that it often creates a slip of paper with different [-ed] substances on it. | Chromato-graphy (croma-TOG-rafy) got its name from the fact that it often creates a slip of paper with different colored substances on it. |
In chromatography, the [...] phase is the obstacle course that substances run through. It doesn’t move (that’s what [...] means). | In chromatography, the stationary phase is the obstacle course that substances run through. It doesn’t move (that’s what stationary means). |
In paper chromatography (which we do in the unit 1 lab), paper is the [...] phase; chemicals run through it, not the other way around. | In paper chromatography (which we do in the unit 1 lab), paper is the stationary phase; chemicals run through it, not the other way around. |
In chromatography, substances usually don’t run through the stationary obstacle course on their own; instead, they’re sort of carried along by water or some other liquid (or gas). In that case, the liquid or gas is the [...] phase because it moves. | In chromatography, substances usually don’t run through the stationary obstacle course on their own; instead, they’re sort of carried along by water or some other liquid (or gas). In that case, the liquid or gas is the mobile phase because it moves. |
Paper chromatography has [...] as its stationary phase. | Paper chromatography has paper as its stationary phase. |
In chromatography, the mobile phase can be a [...] or a gas. | In chromatography, the mobile phase can be a liquid or a gas. |
In liquid chromatography, the mobile phase is a [...] and the stationary phase is a [...]. | In liquid chromatography, the mobile phase is a liquid and the stationary phase is a liquid. |
In gas chromatography, the mobile phase is a [...] and the stationary phase is a [...]. | In gas chromatography, the mobile phase is a gas and the stationary phase is a gas. |
A centrifuge is a device that separates mixtures on the basis of [...]. It spins around very fast, and the denser particles sink to the bottom. | A centrifuge is a device that separates mixtures on the basis of density. It spins around very fast, and the denser particles sink to the bottom. |
To separate blood cells from plasma, a technician can centrifuge the blood samples at low speeds. The blood cells are [-er] and will settle to the bottom. | To separate blood cells from plasma, a technician can centrifuge the blood samples at low speeds. The blood cells are denser and will settle to the bottom. |
In chromatography, the mobile phase can be a liquid or a [...]. | In chromatography, the mobile phase can be a liquid or a gas. |