Question | Answer |
elements are arranged this way on the current periodic table | increasing atomic number |
atomic mass - atomic number finds this | neutrons |
number of valence electrons equals this | group number |
these subatomic particles are found in the nucleus | protons + neutrons |
these subatomic particles must be equal if atom is neutral | protons + electrons |
change in number of protons | different element |
change in number of neutrons | isotope |
change in number of electrons | ion |
innermost electrons are called this | core |
outermost electrons are called this | valence |
majority of elements on periodic table are this | metals |
Cations are found where on the periodic table | 1A, 2A, 3A (+ d and f blocks) |
Anions are found where on the periodic table | 5A, 6A, 7A |
Type of chemical reaction: AB --> A + B | decomposition |
Type of chemical reaction: A + B --> A + B | combination (synthesis) |
Type of chemical reaction: AB + CD --> AD + CB | double replacement |
Type of chemical reaction: AB + C --> CB + A (sometimes) | single replacement |
Compound made by a transfer of valence electrons | ionic |
Compound made by sharing of valence electrons | covalent |
How are ionic compounds named? | criss cross but never use prefixes |
How are covalent compounds named? | always use prefixes but never "mono" on 1st anion |
most electronegative element + its trend | F (up and right) |
atomic mass is the sum of ________ & __________ | protons + neutrons |
what element is the exception in group 1A (1) | H , not a metal |
what element is the exception in group 8A (18) | He, stable with 2 valence electrons |
2 parts of an ionic compound | cation (metal) + anion (nonmetal) |
2 parts of a covalent compound | anion (nonmetal) + anion (nonmetal) |
subatomic particle with positive charge | proton |
subatomic particle with negative charge | electron |
subatomic particle with no charge | neutron |
study of matter and the changes it goes through | chemistry |
horizontal rows on the periodic table (7) | periods |
vertical columns on the periodic table (18) | groups/families |
SI unit for length | meters (m) |
SI unit for mass | kilograms (kg) |
Rule that says that atoms of elements become stable with 8 valence electrons | octet |
is conserved in every chemical reaction | molar mass + # of atoms |
numbers that are never changed to balance a chemical equation | subscripts |
numbers that are added to balance a chemical equation | coefficients |
chemical equation that is not balanced | skeleton |
formula that uses the lowest whole number ratios | empirical |
elements were arranged this way on the first periodic table | increasing atomic mass |
last 2 things done after experiment is over | clean up + wash hands |
Type of Chemical Reaction: CxHy + O2 --> CO2 + H2O | Combustion |
273 K ( or O C) AND 101.3 kPa ( or 1 atm) | STP conditions |
Non-SI unit for volume | Liter |
SI unit for amount of substance | mole |
(6.02 x 10^23 ) # of representative particles | Avogadro's number |
Volume of 1 mole of any gas at STP conditions | 22.4 Liters |
Movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration | diffusion |