muscles | origin | insertion | inervation | action |
Superior gemellus | Ischial spine | Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) | Nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1) | laterally rotate the ext. thigh, abduct flex thigh, steady femoral head in the acetabulum |
Obturator internus | Pelvic surface of obturator membrane & surrounding bones | Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) | Nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1) | laterally rotate the ext. thigh, abduct flex thigh, steady femoral head in the acetabulum |
Inferior gemellus | Ischial tuberosity | Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) | Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5,S1) | laterally rotate the ext. thigh, abduct flex thigh, steady femoral head in the acetabulum |
piriformis | Ant surface of sacrum & sacrotuberous ligament | Sup border of greater trochanter of femur | Branches of ventral rami S1 & S2 | laterally rotate, abd. flexed thigh, steadies femoral head in acetabulum |
gluteus maximus | Proximal attachment: ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament | Distal attachment: most fibers end in iliotibial tract that inserts into lateral tibial condyle; some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity | superior gluteal | ext. thigh, lat rotation, |
gluteus medius | Proximal attachment: External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteallines | Distal attachment: lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur | inf. gluteal | abd., medial rotatation, keeps pelvis level when opposite is raised |
gluteus minimus | Proximal attachment: external surfaceof ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines | Distal attachment: anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur | inf. gluteal | abd., medial rotatation, keeps pelvis level when opposite is raised |