Term | Definition |
Causes of Population Explosion | Medical care, sanitation, food production, better nutrition |
Emigrants | people leaving a country (exit) |
Immigrants | people coming into a country |
Refugees | seek safety by going to another country escaping political unrest, war, or persecution |
Push factor | encourages people to leave a place |
Pull factor | encourages people to come to or move to a place |
Urbanization | the process by which population of cities grow |
Total fertility rate | Average number of children born to a woman in her life |
Push/pull factor | Economic (most often) |
Push/pull factor | Cultural/political |
Push/pull factor | Environmental |
Naturalization | legal process by which citizens of one country become citizens of another country |
Green card | a permit allowing a foreign national to live and work permanently in the US. |
Urban structure model | explains where different types of people live |
Sector model | explains where cities develop in series of sectors; certain areas are more attractive for various activites |
Multiple nuclei model | city has more than one center around which activities revolve |
Concentric zone model | city grows outward from a central ring in a series of rings like tree growth |
Population density | number of people per square mile |
Gentrification | renovating deteriorated neighborhoods |
Urban sprawl | uncontrollable and unplanned expansion of urban areas |
Crude birth rate | # births per 1000 people |
Crude death rate | # deaths per 1000 people |
Infant mortality rate | # infants per 1000 born who die in 1st year of life |
Eminent domain | power of a government to take private property for public use |
Population density formula | population/land area |
Carrying capacity | the point at which there are not enough natural resources to support any more people |
zoning | prevents mixing of land uses within the same district |
Zero population growth | stable population while maintaining low death rates |
Population trends: India | 1/2 of population is under 25 years old, large families, son preference |
Population trends: Japan | decline in birthrate, parasite singles, few young people |
Population trends: China | birthrates are decreasing while population ages, son preference |
Population trends: Europe | steady population; stage 4 |
Population trends: Sub-Sahara Africa | millions dying of aides, large birth rate |