Term | Definition |
Acetic Acid | any of a number of molecules whose pH in water is below 7 |
Acid base indicator | a dye that changes color when pH changes |
acid base reaction | a particular type of exchange reaction in which an acid neutralizes a base |
Acid indigustion | stomach pain caused by extra hydrocloric acid |
adenine | one of the four nucleic acid bases that make DNA |
alanine | an amino acid |
alkali metals | the group of elements in the far left hand column of the periodic table |
alkaline earth matals | the group of elements in the column just to the right of the alkali metals |
Amine group | two hydrogen atoms connected to a nitrogen atom which is connected to another molecule |
Amino acid | a molecule with a central carbon atom that has a carboxylic acid group, an amine group, and an R group attached to it |
Amylase | the protein in saliva that breaks down any amylose into individual sugar (glucose) molecules |
Amylopectin | a starch that is a common branched polysaccharide found in plants |
Amylose | A common unbranched polysaccharide starch found in plants |
Antacid | A substance that neutralizes stomach acid to reduce the pain of indigustion |
Atom | the fundamental unit of all matter; co posed of protons,neutrons, and electrons |
Atomic numbr | the number of protons in an atom's nucleus; in the periodic table it appears in the upper left hand corner near the atomic symbol for the element |
Atomic weight | The combined weight of an atom's protons and neutrons; in the periodic table it is found below the symbol of the element |
Axis | The main vertical or horizontal line on a plot |
Baking Soda | Sodium Bicarbinate |
base | any of a number of molecules whose pH in water is above 7 |
Bond | The attachment between two atoms in a molecule; a chemical bond can be either covalent or ionic |
Carbohydrate | Any of a variety of compounds that are made of carbon and water |
Carbonyl group | a carbon atom that is double bonded to an oxygen atom |
Carboxylic acid group | a carbon atom with two oxygen atoms and a hydrogen atom attached |
cellulose | the polysaccharide that is the main structural molecule in plants |
charged | a molecule that had a positive or negative electric charge |
chemical elements | the atoms that make up living and nonliving things |
Chemical properties | the internal structures of elements that become evident during chemical reactions |
Chemistry | the field of science that studies the composition, structure and properties of matter |
chromatography | a method for separating mixtures by passing a solution over a solid film or powder |
citric acid | an acid found in various fruits including grapefruit and orange |
Combination reaction | a type of chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine with each other to make a new molecule |
Concentrated solution | a solution containing many molecules of the dissolved substance in a given volume |
Covalent bond | the attachment formed when two atoms are joined together and share their electrons |
crosslink | the links between two long chain polymer molecules |
crystal violet | an acid based indicator |
cytosine | one of the four nucleic bases that make up DNA |
DNA | (deoxyribonucleic acid)A polymer made up of ribose sugers and the four nucleic acid bases that carry the genetic code (A,T,C,G) |
DNA polymerase | the protein inside a cell that copies DNA |
Decomposition Reaction | a type of chemical reaction in which a molecule breaks apart into two or more molecules |
dilute | a solution containing few molecules of the dissolved substance per unit volume |