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Chemistry

Chemistry Vocab

TermDefinition
Acetic Acid any of a number of molecules whose pH in water is below 7
Acid base indicator a dye that changes color when pH changes
acid base reaction a particular type of exchange reaction in which an acid neutralizes a base
Acid indigustion stomach pain caused by extra hydrocloric acid
adenine one of the four nucleic acid bases that make DNA
alanine an amino acid
alkali metals the group of elements in the far left hand column of the periodic table
alkaline earth matals the group of elements in the column just to the right of the alkali metals
Amine group two hydrogen atoms connected to a nitrogen atom which is connected to another molecule
Amino acid a molecule with a central carbon atom that has a carboxylic acid group, an amine group, and an R group attached to it
Amylase the protein in saliva that breaks down any amylose into individual sugar (glucose) molecules
Amylopectin a starch that is a common branched polysaccharide found in plants
Amylose A common unbranched polysaccharide starch found in plants
Antacid A substance that neutralizes stomach acid to reduce the pain of indigustion
Atom the fundamental unit of all matter; co posed of protons,neutrons, and electrons
Atomic numbr the number of protons in an atom's nucleus; in the periodic table it appears in the upper left hand corner near the atomic symbol for the element
Atomic weight The combined weight of an atom's protons and neutrons; in the periodic table it is found below the symbol of the element
Axis The main vertical or horizontal line on a plot
Baking Soda Sodium Bicarbinate
base any of a number of molecules whose pH in water is above 7
Bond The attachment between two atoms in a molecule; a chemical bond can be either covalent or ionic
Carbohydrate Any of a variety of compounds that are made of carbon and water
Carbonyl group a carbon atom that is double bonded to an oxygen atom
Carboxylic acid group a carbon atom with two oxygen atoms and a hydrogen atom attached
cellulose the polysaccharide that is the main structural molecule in plants
charged a molecule that had a positive or negative electric charge
chemical elements the atoms that make up living and nonliving things
Chemical properties the internal structures of elements that become evident during chemical reactions
Chemistry the field of science that studies the composition, structure and properties of matter
chromatography a method for separating mixtures by passing a solution over a solid film or powder
citric acid an acid found in various fruits including grapefruit and orange
Combination reaction a type of chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine with each other to make a new molecule
Concentrated solution a solution containing many molecules of the dissolved substance in a given volume
Covalent bond the attachment formed when two atoms are joined together and share their electrons
crosslink the links between two long chain polymer molecules
crystal violet an acid based indicator
cytosine one of the four nucleic bases that make up DNA
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)A polymer made up of ribose sugers and the four nucleic acid bases that carry the genetic code (A,T,C,G)
DNA polymerase the protein inside a cell that copies DNA
Decomposition Reaction a type of chemical reaction in which a molecule breaks apart into two or more molecules
dilute a solution containing few molecules of the dissolved substance per unit volume
Created by: Beth4God
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