Question | Answer |
The study of matter and how it is affected by energy | Chemistry |
The study of energy and how it effects matter | Physics |
Anything that has mass and takes up space | Matter |
Into what 2 main categories can matter be classified? | Pure Substances and Mixtures |
A substance made up of only one type of atom | Element |
A substance made up of two or more elements; cannot be easily separated | Compound |
A substance made up of two or more substances that can be separated by physical means | Mixture |
The prefix hetero means _______ | different |
The prefix homo means ______ | the same |
What type of mixture contains substances that are unequally dispersed throughout? | heterogeneous |
What type of mixture is made up of substances equally dispersed throughout? | homogeneous |
Separation of a solid dissolved in a liquid by weight as it moves up something | Chromatography (Inks separated on paper) |
Separation of liquids by pouring off the “lighter” one | Decanting (oil and water) |
Separation of liquids with different boiling points by boiling one and condensing is in another vessel | Distillation (alcohol and water) |
Separation of a solid from a liquid | Evaporation or Boiling |
Separation of an undissolved solid and a liquid | Filtering |
Separation of a magnetic solid from other materials | Magnetism |
Separation of solids of different sizes | Sieving or Screening |
A heterogeneous mixture with larger particles that never settle | Colloid |
What keeps the large particles in colloids from settling? | The constant random motion (Brownian motion) of smaller particles within the colloid keeps them suspended. |
What occurs within colloids because of the larger particles? | The Tyndall Effect; a scattering of light as it passes through a colloid and strikes the larger particles |
A heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid from which visible particles settle out | suspension (Italian dressing, muddy water) |
A homogenous mixture is also called this | A solution |
A solution contains two parts: _______ & _______ | The solute and the solvent |
This is the solid that dissolves to create a solution | The solute |
This is the liquid into which the solid dissolves | The solvent |
Characteristic of a substance which can be observed without changing its identity. | Physical Property |
What are some physical properties? | Color shape, size, texture, luster, state of matter, magnetism, ductility viscosity, heat conduction, electrical conduction, freezing or boiling points |
Into what two categories do physical properties fall? | Appearance and Behavior |
A change in a substance’s size, shape, or state of matter without changing its identity | Physical change. |
A change of a substance into one or more other substances | Chemical change |
List some signs of a chemical change | heat or cold, light produced, electricity released, gas made, precipitate formed, definite color change, new substance(s) formed |
Characteristics of a substance indicating that it can change chemically (to a different substance) | Chemical properties |
When a substance undergoes a chemical change, we say it has ________ | reacted (undergone a chemical reaction) |
What are some chemical properties? | Flammability, Combustibility, Corrosive |
State the Law of Conservation of Matter | In a closed system, the mass of all substances present before a chemical change equals the mass of all substances after the change. |
Physical and chemical changes to the Earth’s surface over a long period of time | Weathering |
What causes weathering? | Earthquakes, runoff, acid rain, among many other things |
What is the reaction of oxygen in a flame test? | A glowing split relights |
What is the reaction of hydrogen in a flame test? | A lit splint “barks” explosively |
What is the reaction of Carbon dioxide (CO2) in a flame test? | A lit splint goes out. |