Question | Answer |
A process in which water is squeezed out of the spaces between pieces of rock leaving mineral salts behind which stick (cement) the rock pieces together. | cementation |
Something that has been stuck together. | cemented |
Soft white or grey rock formed from the shells of small sea animals. | chalk |
When layers of sediment or rock are squashed by the weight of sediment above them. | compaction |
When moving water drops rock fragments or grains. | deposits |
The remains of a dead animal or plant that became trapped in layers of sediment and turned into rock. | fossil |
Tiny, rounded piece of rock. | grain |
A sedimentary rock made from the shells of dead sea creatures consisting mainly of calcium carbonate. | limestone |
The chemicals that rocks are made from. | minerals |
Porous rocks can soak up water. | porous |
A sedimentary rock made from rounded grains of sand. | sandstone |
Rock grains and fragments dropped on the bottom of a river, lake or sea. | sediment |
Rock formed from layers of sediment. | sedimentary rock |
The movement of rock grains and fragments by wind or water. | transport |
Rocks that have been worn away or broken up by chemical, biological or physical processes. | weathered |
Something which contains a lot of compounds called carbonates. | carbonate-rich |
Soft white or grey rock formed from the shells of small sea animals. | chalk |
Any sign of past life that has been preserved in a rock. | fossil |
A sedimentary rock made from the shells of dead sea creatures. | limestone |
A type of limestone formed when water evaporates and leaves calcium carbonate
behind. | oolite |
Molten rock beneath the surface of the Earth. | magma |
A metamorphic rock formed from limestone. | marble |
A word meaning ‘changed’. | metamorphic |
Rocks that have been formed by changing igneous or sedimentary rocks. | metamorphic rocks |
A sedimentary rock made from mud. | mudstone |
A metamorphic rock formed from sandstone. | quartzite |
A sedimentary rock made from rounded grains of sand. | sandstone |
A metamorphic rock with tiny crystals, formed from mudstone. | slate |
An igneous rock with very tiny crystals. | basalt |
Forces holding particles together. | bonds |
The solid rocks at the surface of the Earth. | crust |
An igneous rock with large crystals. | granite |
A rock formed when magma or lava cooled down and solidified. | igneous rock |
Molten rock that runs out of volcanoes. | lava |
The part of the Earth below the crust. | mantle |
The tiny pieces that everything is made out of. | particles |
A place where lava flows out of the Earth. | volcano |
All the processes which form sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks, linked together. | rock cycle |