Term | Definition |
Acetaminophen;
Class
Trade Name | -Non narcotic analgesic, antipyretic |
Acetaminophen;
Description
Indications | -Elevates the pain threshold in the CNS, and acts on the hypothalamic thermoregulatory centers decreasing temperature
-fever and mild to moderate pain |
Acetaminophen;
Contraindications | 1. hypersensitivity
2.hepatitis, hepatic/renal dysfunction
3.alchoholism
4.anemia |
Acetaminophen;
Side effects | - Dizziness, anaphylactic reaction, epidermal reactions, hepatic failure, renal failure, thrombocytopenia, diaphoresis and chills |
Acetaminophen;
Administration
Onset /Duration | Adult: 325-650 mg PO q 4-6 hrs, 650 mg PR q 4-6 hrs (max 4g/day)
Pediatric: 15 mg/kg q 4-6 hrs (PO or PR) (max 2.6 g/day)
-30-60 min, 3-4 hrs |
Insulin;
Class
Trade names | -Hormone, Hypoglycemic agent
-NPH, Humulin, Novolin, Novolog |
Insulin;
Indications | 1. Diabetic Ketoacidosis
2. Patients with severely high BG levels
3. Hyperkalemia |
Insulin;
Contraindications | 1. Hypoglycemia
2. Caution in hypokalemia |
Insulin;
Side Effects | 1.Allergic reactions
2.Headache
3.Hypoglycemia
4.Hypokalemia |
Insulin;
Administration
Onset/Duration | Adult/Peds: 10-25 units SQ.
Infuse: 0.1 U/kg/hr IV
30 minutes- 1 hr; 2-3 hrs |
Meperidine Hydrochloride;
Class
Trade name | -Opioid Analgesic, CNS depressant, Schedule 2controlled substance
-Demerol |
Meperidine Hydrochloride;
Description | Depresses pain perception by acting on the opioid receptor in the CNS |
Meperidine Hydrochloride;
Indication | Moderate to severe pain |
Meperidine Hydrochloride;
Contraindications | Hypersensitivity
MAO inhibitors within 2 weeks
Head injury
Abdominal Pain of unknown etiology
Hypovolemia |
Meperidine Hydrochloride;
Side Effects | Headache, CNS depression, Respiratory/Cardiovascular Depression, Dry mouth/nausea/vomiting, Flushing/Uticaria/Diaphoresis/Pruitus,
Constipation, QT prolongation, Constipation, Pupil constriction(Miosis) |
Meperidine Hydrochloride;
Administration
Onset/Duration | Adult: IV 25-50 mg. IM 50-100 mg
Pediatrics: 1 mg/kg
5 min IV, 10 min IM; 2-4 hrs |
Hydromorphone;
Class
Trade Name | -Synthetic opioid analgesic, CNS depressant, Schedule 2 controlled substance.
- Dilaudid |
Hydromorphone;
Description | Centrally acting analgesic that binds to the opiate receptor sites in the CNS. Suppresses cough via suppression of the medulla. |
Hydromorphone;
Indications | Moderate to severe pain. Antitussive. |
Hydromorphone;
Contraindications | 1. Hypersensitivity
2. Head injury
3. Abdominal pain
4. Hypovolemia |
Hydromorphone;
Side Effects | 1. Headache
2. CNS depression
3. Respiratory/Cardiovascular Depression
4. Dry mouth/nausea/vomiting
5. Flushing/uticaria/diaphoresis/pruritus
6. Constipation
7. QT prolongation
8. Pupil constriction (miosos) |
Hydromorphone;
Administration
Onset/Duration | Adult: IV 1 mg followed by .5-1 mg q 3-5 min prn
IM 2-4 mgq 3-4 hrs.
Pediatrics: not recommended
- 2-3 min, 3-6 hrs |
TDaP: | Tetanus toxoid and reduced Diptheria toxoid and Acellular Pertussis |
TDap;
Class
Trade Name | - Vaccine Combo
- Adacel, Boostrix, Tdap |
TDaP;
Description | Stimulates active immunity to diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis toxins due to antibody production following exposure to the weakened toxins in the vaccine. |
TDaP;
Indications | Initial vaccination is recommended for all individuals to prevent infection with tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis. Boosters are recommended every 5-10 years and with each pregnancy. |
TDaP;
Tetanus (lockjaw) | Enviornmentally prevalent bacterium that produces toxins that lead to severe tonic muscle spasms. Early spasms typically effect jaw, face and neck. Full body spasms cause fractures, muscle/tendon rupture, and death from respiratory paralysis. |
TDaP;
Diphtheria | Highly contagious respiratory infection that causes a thick pseudomembrane to form on the lining of the airway passages. Can cause fatal asphyxiation. |
TDaP;
Pertussis (Whooping Cough) | Highly contagious respiratory infection causing upper respiratory symptoms and severe bronchitis with a severe cough. Can cause fatal respiratory failure. |
TDaP;
Contraindications | 1. Anaphylactic reaction to a prior dose, or any of the components.
2. Encephalopathy within 7 days of a previous dose. |
TDaP;
Side Effects | 1. Swelling, redness, rash and pain at injection site
2. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
3. Fever, Chills, body aches, muscle weakness
4. Headache
5. Seizure |
TDaP;
Administration | 0.5 mL IM (typically in the deltoid) |