Question | Answer |
stimulate gluconeogenesis in the liver and decrease uptake of glucose into the muscle, lymphatic, and adipose cells results in | elevated glucose |
decreased proliferation of fibroblasts in connective tissue in concert with poor protein synthesis leads to | poor wound healing |
highest mineralocorticoid potency (aldosterone) | cortisone, hydrocortisone |
moderate mineralocorticoid potency | prednisone, prednisolone, florinef |
low mineralocorticoid potency | triamcinolone, dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, betamethasone |
high mineralocorticoid potency drugs can cause | elevated BP, salt and water retention, increased excretion of potassium |
all corticosteroids increase excretion of | calcium, can create problems for postmenopausal women or others at risk for osteoporosis |
pregnancy category | C: have caused cleft palate, stillborn, decreased fetal size |
glucocorticoids at 7.5mg/day or > for > 6 months can cause | rapid loss of trabecular bone in the spine, hip, and forearm |
if risk factors of PUD recommended prophylaxis | PPI's or h2 blockers |
primary and secondary adrenocortical insufficiency | primary no common is US; secondary more common due to steroid withdrawal |
choice for treating inflammation, ? mineralocorticoid potency | low, methylprednisolone, dexamethasone |
use for immunosuppression most commonly | prednisone |
if used for rheumatoid arthritis at < 7.5 mg/d for short term use supplement with | bisphosphonate (Fosamax), and calcium, vit. d supplements |
for chronic corticosteroid therapy dosing may be | every other day to help minimize HPA axis suppression |
to best match natural body rhythm, diurnal, take medication before what time | 9 am |
signs of adrenal insufficiency | anorexia, nausea, weakness, fatigue, dyspnea, hypotension, hypoglycemia |