Question | Answer |
metals have ionic bonds with | non-metals |
ionic bonds | when a metal gives its electrons to a non-metal to complete the octet rule, cation plus anion |
ionic compounds | salts |
naming ionic bonds | name of metal plus name of non-metal with an -ide ending, polyatomic ions, transition metals with roman numerals |
polyatomic ions | many atom ions, molecules with a charge |
ionic properties | crystal latice, high melting point, dissolves in water, conduct electricity, electrolytes |
covalent bonds | molecules, share electrons to obtain full octet, long chains, organic molecules |
naming covalent bonds | mono, di, tri, tetra are used for two non metals bonded together |
organic molecules | carbon based, -ane, -ene ,-eyn |
covalent properties | polar or non-polar, do not dissolve, do not conduct electricity, combust |
polar molecules | positive and negative sides can visibly be separated with a strait line, have a lower melting point than salts |
non-polar molecules | positive and negative sides cannot visibly be separated with a strait line, are usually gasses |
electrolytes | an ion in solution, when an ionic compound is dissolved, or disassociates in water, conducts electricity |
nitrate | (NO*3)- |
sulfate | (SO*4)-2 |
phosphate | (PO*4)-3 |
hybridized orbitals | easy to brake down |
polar | polar bonds, geometry/shape/line test |