Question | Answer |
ion | an atom with a charge, formed from losing or gaining electrons |
ionic bond | the attraction between a positive and negative ion, the result of an electron transfer |
ionic compound | a compound made up of positive and negative ions. the overal charge is nuetral |
chemical formula | a group of symbols that show how many of each element is in a compound |
subscript | indentifies the ratio of the elements in the compound |
chemical reaction | a chemical change in matter that produces one or more substances |
physical properties of ionic compound | solubility in water
crystal lattice structure
electrical conductivity
brittleness |
what happens in ionic bonding | -electron transfer
-forms between ions
-occurs between metals and non-metals |
what group of elements on the periodic table are all ready happy and complete? | group 18 because they have 8 valance electrons |
what threeparts make up the atom | proton(+), nuetron(no charge), and electron(-) |
electrons located in outermost ring on atom is... | valence electrons |
group | vertical rows on periodic table |
period | horizantal row on periodic table |
true or false? are atoms nuetral?why? | true! because the number of protons equals the number of electrons, which mean the charges cancle out, causing a nuetral/ no charge |
atoms | considered to be building blocks of matter. They are the smallest possible unit that an element can be divided into and still be the same element. |
oxidation number | represents the total charge of an ion(charged atom) after an electron transfer has taken place. |
Oxidation numbers:lithium
(name protons, electrons, valence, bonding rule, type of ion formed, oxi #) | protons=3
electrons=3
valence electron=1
bonding=lose 1 electron
type of ion= + charge
oxidation #= 1+ |
oxidation numbers: Potassium- | protons-19
electrons-19
valence electrons-1
bonding rule-lose 1 electron
type of ion formed- (-)
oxidation number+ 1- |
if electrons are lost it becomes a ______ ion | POSITIVE! |
if electrons are gained it becomes a ________ ion | NEGATIVE! |
law of conservation | states that matter cannot be created nor destroyed durring chemical or physical changes |
mass | the measurment of how much matter an object contains |
the volume of an irregular object can be measured by ... | submerging the object in water in a graduated cylinder |
in the labortory volumes of liquid are usually measured with a | graduated cylinder |
anthing that has mass and takes up space is called | matter |
how would you calculate the density of an object? | divide it's mass by it's volume |
the metric base unit for mass is | grams |
which two metric measrements are the same when measureing liquids? | mL and cm3 |
a helium balloon floats in air because helium is | less dense than air |
is there a difference between mass and weight? | yes because weight changes with gravity and mass does not. |
matter is anything that has.. | mass and volume |
the density of water is | 1.0 g/cm3 |
the measurement of how much mass is contained in a given amount of space is called? | density |
the units: litter, milliliter, and cubic centimeter are all used to measure the_________ of and object | volume |
density is a__________property of matter | physical |
length*width*height gives us the_____of a rectangular box | volume formula |
a volume of 25 mililitters is _______a volume of 25 cubic centimeters | is equal too |
mass is the measure of the total amount of_______is an object | matter |
when measuring liquid volume you must look eye level at the graduated cylinder and read the measurements from the bottom of the ____________? | meniscus |
what method can be used to find the amount of space that an irregulary shaped object takes up | water displacement method |
in which state of matter do the particles spread apart and fill all the space availibe to them? | gas state |
what happens durring the process of sublimation | a solid turns directly into a gas |
the change from liquid to solid, or the reverse of melting is called | frezzing |
particles of a liquid | are free to move in a conatiner but remain in close contact with one another |
what is vaporation | a liquid becoming a gas |
what happens to the mass of something as it changes from a liquid to a solid? | the mass stays the same |
the boiling point of a substance is affected by | the elevation or air pressure |
the oppisite of vaporation is called | condensation |
when an inflated soccer ball is exposed to cold air... | the volume of the bal decresses |
the amount of space that a gas takes up is | volume |
the frezzing point of water is the same as its... | melting point |
a solid is a state of matter that has a | definite volume and definite shape |
what is a chemical property of paper | it has the ability to burn |
the key difference between water and water vapor is the | kinetic energy of the particles |
in which state of matter are the particles packed tightly together in fixed positions? | solid |
in which state of matter goes through changes in volume most easily? | gas |
what is true about solid particles/ particles in a solid? | they are always vibrating in place |
hot water has more________ than cold water | kinetic energy |
what happens to object in the cold? | the particles contract |
what happens to objects in the heat? | the particles expand |
and object in the liquid state has the same_____as the same object in a solid state | mass |
vinegar reacting with baking soda is a | chemical change |
filling a bike tire with air is a | physical change |
water evaporating from a sponge is a | physical change |
digesting a milkshake is a | chamical change |