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science final chem8
science final chemistry 8th-ions, bonding, atoms(ect)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ion | an atom with a charge, formed from losing or gaining electrons |
| ionic bond | the attraction between a positive and negative ion, the result of an electron transfer |
| ionic compound | a compound made up of positive and negative ions. the overal charge is nuetral |
| chemical formula | a group of symbols that show how many of each element is in a compound |
| subscript | indentifies the ratio of the elements in the compound |
| chemical reaction | a chemical change in matter that produces one or more substances |
| physical properties of ionic compound | solubility in water crystal lattice structure electrical conductivity brittleness |
| what happens in ionic bonding | -electron transfer -forms between ions -occurs between metals and non-metals |
| what group of elements on the periodic table are all ready happy and complete? | group 18 because they have 8 valance electrons |
| what threeparts make up the atom | proton(+), nuetron(no charge), and electron(-) |
| electrons located in outermost ring on atom is... | valence electrons |
| group | vertical rows on periodic table |
| period | horizantal row on periodic table |
| true or false? are atoms nuetral?why? | true! because the number of protons equals the number of electrons, which mean the charges cancle out, causing a nuetral/ no charge |
| atoms | considered to be building blocks of matter. They are the smallest possible unit that an element can be divided into and still be the same element. |
| oxidation number | represents the total charge of an ion(charged atom) after an electron transfer has taken place. |
| Oxidation numbers:lithium (name protons, electrons, valence, bonding rule, type of ion formed, oxi #) | protons=3 electrons=3 valence electron=1 bonding=lose 1 electron type of ion= + charge oxidation #= 1+ |
| oxidation numbers: Potassium- | protons-19 electrons-19 valence electrons-1 bonding rule-lose 1 electron type of ion formed- (-) oxidation number+ 1- |
| if electrons are lost it becomes a ______ ion | POSITIVE! |
| if electrons are gained it becomes a ________ ion | NEGATIVE! |
| law of conservation | states that matter cannot be created nor destroyed durring chemical or physical changes |
| mass | the measurment of how much matter an object contains |
| the volume of an irregular object can be measured by ... | submerging the object in water in a graduated cylinder |
| in the labortory volumes of liquid are usually measured with a | graduated cylinder |
| anthing that has mass and takes up space is called | matter |
| how would you calculate the density of an object? | divide it's mass by it's volume |
| the metric base unit for mass is | grams |
| which two metric measrements are the same when measureing liquids? | mL and cm3 |
| a helium balloon floats in air because helium is | less dense than air |
| is there a difference between mass and weight? | yes because weight changes with gravity and mass does not. |
| matter is anything that has.. | mass and volume |
| the density of water is | 1.0 g/cm3 |
| the measurement of how much mass is contained in a given amount of space is called? | density |
| the units: litter, milliliter, and cubic centimeter are all used to measure the_________ of and object | volume |
| density is a__________property of matter | physical |
| length*width*height gives us the_____of a rectangular box | volume formula |
| a volume of 25 mililitters is _______a volume of 25 cubic centimeters | is equal too |
| mass is the measure of the total amount of_______is an object | matter |
| when measuring liquid volume you must look eye level at the graduated cylinder and read the measurements from the bottom of the ____________? | meniscus |
| what method can be used to find the amount of space that an irregulary shaped object takes up | water displacement method |
| in which state of matter do the particles spread apart and fill all the space availibe to them? | gas state |
| what happens durring the process of sublimation | a solid turns directly into a gas |
| the change from liquid to solid, or the reverse of melting is called | frezzing |
| particles of a liquid | are free to move in a conatiner but remain in close contact with one another |
| what is vaporation | a liquid becoming a gas |
| what happens to the mass of something as it changes from a liquid to a solid? | the mass stays the same |
| the boiling point of a substance is affected by | the elevation or air pressure |
| the oppisite of vaporation is called | condensation |
| when an inflated soccer ball is exposed to cold air... | the volume of the bal decresses |
| the amount of space that a gas takes up is | volume |
| the frezzing point of water is the same as its... | melting point |
| a solid is a state of matter that has a | definite volume and definite shape |
| what is a chemical property of paper | it has the ability to burn |
| the key difference between water and water vapor is the | kinetic energy of the particles |
| in which state of matter are the particles packed tightly together in fixed positions? | solid |
| in which state of matter goes through changes in volume most easily? | gas |
| what is true about solid particles/ particles in a solid? | they are always vibrating in place |
| hot water has more________ than cold water | kinetic energy |
| what happens to object in the cold? | the particles contract |
| what happens to objects in the heat? | the particles expand |
| and object in the liquid state has the same_____as the same object in a solid state | mass |
| vinegar reacting with baking soda is a | chemical change |
| filling a bike tire with air is a | physical change |
| water evaporating from a sponge is a | physical change |
| digesting a milkshake is a | chamical change |
Created by:
riverav
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