click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Literary Terms
AP English Literature - 2012
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Aphorism | A tersely phrased statement of a truth or opinion; an adage |
| Ambiguity | The quality of being understood in two or more possible ways; uncertainty |
| Aside | A comment made by a stage performer that is intended to be heard by the audience but supposedly not by the other characters |
| Alliteration | The practice of beginning several consecutive or neighboring words with the same sound |
| Allusion | An indirect or implied refernece to a person, place, thing, character, or event from another context |
| Allegory | A narrative technique in which characters representing things or abstract ideas are used to convey a message or teach a lesson |
| Anthropomorphism | The presentation of animals or objects in human shape or with human characteristics |
| Anachronism | Something located at a time when it could not have existed or occured |
| Assonance | The repetition or vowel sounds in a series of words |
| Apostrophe | The absent or dead are spoken to as if present |
| Analogy | A comparison of two things made to explain something unfamiliar through its similarities to something familiar |
| Anaphora | The repetition of a word or phrase as the beginning of successive clauses |
| Antithesis | Opposing or contrasting ideas balance against each other in parallel gramatical structure |
| Deduction | The process of reaching a conclusion through reasoning from general premises to a specific premise |
| Conceit | A clever and faniciful metaphor that presents a striking parallel between two seenimgly dissimilar things |
| Connotation | An association that comes along with a particular word |
| Cacophony | A dissonat, unpleasant combination of sounds |
| Couplet | Two lines of poetry with the same ryhme and meter |
| Euphony | A harmonious, pleasant combination of sounds |
| Denotation | The definition of a word |
| Comic Relief | The use of humor to lighten to mood of a serious or tragic story |
| Burlesque | Any literary work that uses exaggeration to make its subject appear ridiculous |
| Catharsis | The release or purging of unwanted emotions |
| Diction | The selection and arrangement of words in a literary work |
| Chorus | In ancient Greek drama, a group of actors who commented on and interpreted the unfolding action on the stage |
| Consonance | Occurs in poetry when words appearing at the ends of two or more verses have similar final consonant sounds, but have final vowel sounds that differ |
| Farce | A form of drama/play that narrows in on an extremely unlikely plot |
| Hyperbole | Deliberate exaggeration used to achieve an effect |
| Epitaph | An inscription on a tomb or tombstone |
| Elegy | A lyric poem that laments the death of a person or the eventual death of all people |
| Foil | A character in a work of literature whose physical or psychological qualities contrast stong with the corresponding qualities of another character |
| Enjambment | The running over of the sense and structure of one line of poetry into the next line without syntactical pause |
| Hamartia | In tragedy, the event or act that leads to a hero's or heroine's downfall |
| Didactic | A term used to describe literary works that aim to teach some moral, religious, political, or practical lesson |
| Idiom | A word construction or verbal expression closely associated with a given language |
| Exposition | The gradual revelation of background information needed for understanding the plot of a story |
| Dramatic Irony | The audience of a play or the reader of a work knows something that a character in the work itself does not knwo |
| Figurative Language | A technique in writing where the author temporarily interrupts the order, construction, or meaning of the writing for a particular effect |
| Epithet | A word or phrase preceding or following a name which serves to describe the character of that name |
| Free Verse | Poetry that lacks regular material and rhyme patterns but tries to capture everyday speech |
| Kenning | Compound noun or short descriptive phrase with metaphoric value |
| Motif | A theme, character type, image, metaphor, or other verbal element that recurs throughout a single workd of literature |
| Imagery | A concrete representation of an object or sensory experience |
| Monologue | An extended narrative, whether oral or written, delievered uninterrupted by one person |
| Meter | The repetition of sound patterns that creates a rhythm |
| Inference | The act of concluding from evidence |
| Oxymoron | A form of paradox that combines a pari of contrary terms into a single expression |
| Induction | The process of reaching a conclusion by reasoning from specific premises to form a general premise |
| Invective | An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language |
| Mood | The prevailing emotions of a work or of the author in his or her creation of the work |
| Irony | The recognition of the incongruity or differences between reality abd appearance |
| Litotes | Understatment, for intensification, by denying the contrary of the things being affirmed |
| Metaphor | A figure of speech that expresses an idea through the image of another object without using like or as |
| Juxtaposition | The act of placing close together |
| Polemic | A work in which the author takes a stand on aa controversial subject |
| Pedantic | An adjective that describes words that are overly scholarly |
| Satire | A work that uses ridicule, humor, and with to criticize and provoke change in human nature and institutions |
| Parody | A composition that imitates the style of another composition normally for comic effect |
| Rhetoric | The art of ethical persuasion |
| Paradox | A statement that appears illogical or contradictory at first, but may actually point to an underlying truth |
| Prose | Refers to fiction and nonfiction that are written in ordinary language and most closely resemble everyday speech |
| Parallelism | A method of comparison of two ideas in which each is developed in the same grammatical structure |
| Simile | A figure of speech that makes a comparison using like or as |
| Parable | A story designed to suggest a principle, illustrate a moral, or answer a question |
| Proverb | A brief, sage saything that expresses a truth about life in a striking manner |
| Personification | Gives inanimate objects or abstract ideas human characteristics |
| Syntax | Sentence structure |
| Tragic Flaw | In tragedy, the quality within the hero or heroine which leads to his or her downfall |
| Metonymy | One word or phrase is substituted for a related word or phrase |
| Soliloquy | A speech in which a character who is alone speaks his or her thoughts aloud |
| Stream of Consciousness | A narrative technique for rendering the inward experience of a character |
| Syllogism | A method of presenting a logical argument including a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion |
| Synecdoche | A figure of speech in which a part of something stands for the whole |
| Synesthesia | A description of one sensory experience in terms of another |
| Tone | The author's attitude toward his or her audience |