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Literary Terms

AP English Literature - 2012

QuestionAnswer
Aphorism A tersely phrased statement of a truth or opinion; an adage
Ambiguity The quality of being understood in two or more possible ways; uncertainty
Aside A comment made by a stage performer that is intended to be heard by the audience but supposedly not by the other characters
Alliteration The practice of beginning several consecutive or neighboring words with the same sound
Allusion An indirect or implied refernece to a person, place, thing, character, or event from another context
Allegory A narrative technique in which characters representing things or abstract ideas are used to convey a message or teach a lesson
Anthropomorphism The presentation of animals or objects in human shape or with human characteristics
Anachronism Something located at a time when it could not have existed or occured
Assonance The repetition or vowel sounds in a series of words
Apostrophe The absent or dead are spoken to as if present
Analogy A comparison of two things made to explain something unfamiliar through its similarities to something familiar
Anaphora The repetition of a word or phrase as the beginning of successive clauses
Antithesis Opposing or contrasting ideas balance against each other in parallel gramatical structure
Deduction The process of reaching a conclusion through reasoning from general premises to a specific premise
Conceit A clever and faniciful metaphor that presents a striking parallel between two seenimgly dissimilar things
Connotation An association that comes along with a particular word
Cacophony A dissonat, unpleasant combination of sounds
Couplet Two lines of poetry with the same ryhme and meter
Euphony A harmonious, pleasant combination of sounds
Denotation The definition of a word
Comic Relief The use of humor to lighten to mood of a serious or tragic story
Burlesque Any literary work that uses exaggeration to make its subject appear ridiculous
Catharsis The release or purging of unwanted emotions
Diction The selection and arrangement of words in a literary work
Chorus In ancient Greek drama, a group of actors who commented on and interpreted the unfolding action on the stage
Consonance Occurs in poetry when words appearing at the ends of two or more verses have similar final consonant sounds, but have final vowel sounds that differ
Farce A form of drama/play that narrows in on an extremely unlikely plot
Hyperbole Deliberate exaggeration used to achieve an effect
Epitaph An inscription on a tomb or tombstone
Elegy A lyric poem that laments the death of a person or the eventual death of all people
Foil A character in a work of literature whose physical or psychological qualities contrast stong with the corresponding qualities of another character
Enjambment The running over of the sense and structure of one line of poetry into the next line without syntactical pause
Hamartia In tragedy, the event or act that leads to a hero's or heroine's downfall
Didactic A term used to describe literary works that aim to teach some moral, religious, political, or practical lesson
Idiom A word construction or verbal expression closely associated with a given language
Exposition The gradual revelation of background information needed for understanding the plot of a story
Dramatic Irony The audience of a play or the reader of a work knows something that a character in the work itself does not knwo
Figurative Language A technique in writing where the author temporarily interrupts the order, construction, or meaning of the writing for a particular effect
Epithet A word or phrase preceding or following a name which serves to describe the character of that name
Free Verse Poetry that lacks regular material and rhyme patterns but tries to capture everyday speech
Kenning Compound noun or short descriptive phrase with metaphoric value
Motif A theme, character type, image, metaphor, or other verbal element that recurs throughout a single workd of literature
Imagery A concrete representation of an object or sensory experience
Monologue An extended narrative, whether oral or written, delievered uninterrupted by one person
Meter The repetition of sound patterns that creates a rhythm
Inference The act of concluding from evidence
Oxymoron A form of paradox that combines a pari of contrary terms into a single expression
Induction The process of reaching a conclusion by reasoning from specific premises to form a general premise
Invective An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language
Mood The prevailing emotions of a work or of the author in his or her creation of the work
Irony The recognition of the incongruity or differences between reality abd appearance
Litotes Understatment, for intensification, by denying the contrary of the things being affirmed
Metaphor A figure of speech that expresses an idea through the image of another object without using like or as
Juxtaposition The act of placing close together
Polemic A work in which the author takes a stand on aa controversial subject
Pedantic An adjective that describes words that are overly scholarly
Satire A work that uses ridicule, humor, and with to criticize and provoke change in human nature and institutions
Parody A composition that imitates the style of another composition normally for comic effect
Rhetoric The art of ethical persuasion
Paradox A statement that appears illogical or contradictory at first, but may actually point to an underlying truth
Prose Refers to fiction and nonfiction that are written in ordinary language and most closely resemble everyday speech
Parallelism A method of comparison of two ideas in which each is developed in the same grammatical structure
Simile A figure of speech that makes a comparison using like or as
Parable A story designed to suggest a principle, illustrate a moral, or answer a question
Proverb A brief, sage saything that expresses a truth about life in a striking manner
Personification Gives inanimate objects or abstract ideas human characteristics
Syntax Sentence structure
Tragic Flaw In tragedy, the quality within the hero or heroine which leads to his or her downfall
Metonymy One word or phrase is substituted for a related word or phrase
Soliloquy A speech in which a character who is alone speaks his or her thoughts aloud
Stream of Consciousness A narrative technique for rendering the inward experience of a character
Syllogism A method of presenting a logical argument including a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion
Synecdoche A figure of speech in which a part of something stands for the whole
Synesthesia A description of one sensory experience in terms of another
Tone The author's attitude toward his or her audience
Created by: ChasingRubies
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