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Chem 111-Unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| mega | 1 x 10^6 |
| kilo | 1x10^3 |
| deci | 1x10^-1 |
| centi | 1x10^-2 |
| milli | 1x10^-3 |
| micro | 1x10-6 |
| nano | 1x10^-9 |
| pico | 1x10^-12 |
| chemical change | changes into a different compound/element |
| physical change | alignment of molecules changes |
| potential energy | relates to position of an object |
| kinetic energy | relates to motion of an object |
| significant figures | all digits are significant except for 0s that are not measured- only there to hold the decimal place |
| exact numbers (when doing sig figs) | have no uncertainty- infinite # of sig figs |
| add'n/sub'n (when doing sig figs) | reported to the same decimal places as the least precise measurement |
| mult/div (when doing sig figs) | reported to the fewest total sig figs |
| both +/- AND */% (when doing sig figs) | order of operations! |
| precision | how closely you can repeat a measurement |
| accuracy | how close a measurement is to the actual value |
| systematic error | results from setup of experiment/measurement errors (all too high or all too low) |
| random error | unavoidable error that are not all too high or all too low |
| Z | atomic number- # of protons in the nucleus |
| isotope | differ by # if neutrons (which also changes the mass) |
| A | mass number- number of protons+number of neutrons |
| mass spectrometry | takes a sample- splits it based on mass & tells the relative percentage of each isotope in a sample |
| atomic mass unit | (aka Daltons) 1/12 of a Carbon-12 atom by weight |
| atomic mass | the weighted average of the masses of the naturally occurring isotopes based on their abundances in nature |
| frequency | ν (nu) cycles/second or sec^-1 or Hertz |
| wavelength | λ (lambda) meters, nanometers, picometers, angstroms |
| speed of light | 2.998 x 10^8 |
| refraction | when a light wave passes from one medium to another, the speed of the wave changes |
| diffraction | when a light wave strikes the edge of an object, it bends around it |
| constructive interference | when two waves come together and combine |
| destructive interference | when two waves come together and cancel one another out |
| blackbody radiation | different wavelengths depending on temperature |
| photoelectric effect | when you shine certain frequencies of light on an element, you can eject electrons- depending on the threshold of the element |
| atomic emission | different colors are emitted for different elements when current flows through it (very specific wavelengths for each element) |
| E= (modified to find wavelength) | hc/(lambda) |
| attractive forces | below 0 |
| repulsive forces | above 0 |
| high magnitude | atoms are close together (regardless of sign) |
| ground state | n=1 |
| as n approaches infinity... | energy increases (but if negative, never crosses 0) |
Created by:
melaniebeale
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