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PVR final
study guid
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| hospitals funded by the federal government are | Veterans Administration hospitals |
| what aspects of the health care systems typically presents users with the greatest challenge | healthcare systems can be complicated and confusing |
| one nursing organization develops the test questions and in the procedures associated with taking the examination | the national Council of State boards of nursing (NCSB) |
| Hippocrates an early Greek physician,is known as the father of medicine. Among his major contributions to healthcare was the ideal that | diseases and are not the result of magic or wrongdoing |
| The 19th century saw sweeping changes in the way that nursing was conceptualized and carried out. Which of the following individuals had the greatest influence on these changes? | Florence Nightingale |
| The concept of hospitals as specific places where the ill were treated has not always existed. This concept first emerged in Europe during what historical period? | the Middle Ages |
| A nursing graduate is disappointed to learn that he was not successful on his first writing of the NCLEX-PN®. What is the first thing he should do to prepare for a rewrite of the exam? | He should consult his Candidate Performance Review. |
| what does the National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission (NLNAC) do | inseparable and accreditation to educational programs |
| Health Occupations Students of America (HOSA) | national organizations with a affiliation and local chapters in secondary and postsecondary schools that offer courses in the field of health care and related services |
| Dr.Mehrabian estimated that what kind of communication is used most | 55% of communication is nonverbal |
| tactile learning | touch, movement, posture, and orientation |
| applying the critical thinking skills | reasoning, inferring, judging, and logic |
| diploma nursing programs are sponsored by | hospitals |
| Omnibus budget recalculation act (OBRA) | required states to establish Pacific educational programs for nursing aids (NAs) |
| what is a coordinated care manager | case coordinated care manager can help patients and their families meet their health needs by explaining options and services, identifying medical and financial resources, and identifying providers and facilities. care that utilizes the best options |
| what is max amount of questions you can have on the NCLEX-PN | 205 questions |
| what is the minimal amount of questions you can have on the NCLEX-PN | 85 |
| how many hours do you have to complete the NCLEX-PN | five hours |
| small facility has proposed that medication administration no longer performed by LPN and those unlicensed care personnel in providing medication, how should the nurse at the building best respond to this proposal? | Oppose the delegation of nursing duties to non-nursing personnel |
| Hildegard Peplau (1909–1999) was a pioneer in the development of the theory and practice of nursing. Which of the following nursing specialties was Peplau's primary focus? | psychiatric nursing |
| the question that make up the NCLEX-PN are written by members of the NCLEX-PN Item Developmental Panel. who are the members of this panel | practical and vocational nurses in active practice |
| what criticism of the electronic health records most valid | they need to consider the fact they can be incredibly expensive to change to a EHR |
| prior to 1940, schools of nursing in the United States with loosely controlled and poorly organized, with low educational standards. What event ushered in new air of organization and accountability in PN education | legislation that put nursing schools under the control of state legislation |
| Florence Nightingales reformed focus primarily on what aspects of nursing | hygiene and infection control |
| a student believes that he has been unsuccessful on some previously exams directly because of his testing anxiety. What should the student to to address this problem | or the possibilities of professional counseling |
| a licensed practical nurse has recently participated in the approval process at a hospital. What is the primary purpose of healthcare regulations produce such as approval | to ensure that specific standards for the quality of care are met |
| what strategy students used to most effectively prepare for the NCLEX-PN | study throughout the nursing program |
| how do the principal of the prospective payment system PPS relate to patient care | PPS is used to determine patient healthcare cost before they receive care |
| a student with daring thing significant test anxiety while writing the NCLEX-PN and has answered the three most recent questions and correctly. The computerized adaptive testing (CAT) system will then | ask a question that is easier than the most recent question |
| how many question should the student anticipate answering during the NCLEX-PN | 85 – 205 |
| the National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses (NFLPN) is involved in the broad range of activities that are in the interest of practical and vocational nurses. Who may join the NFLPN | licensed practical/vocational nurses or students in practical/vocational programs |
| Medicare is best described as | a government health insurance plan for Americans in the age of 65 or older |
| what characteristic of a review course should prompt the student to avoid enrolling in | a course that will be presented by DVD with an instructor assembled by e-mail |
| what question format should students anticipate during the NCLEX-PN testing | questions that asked the students to identify a hotspot on a diagram |
| during the early Middle Ages the theory and practice of healthcare and nursing continue to change from early eras. In this period, most of the care for the ill and age to play | under the auspices of the Catholic Church |
| a nursing student is nearing graduation is preparing to write the NCLEX-PN. In preparation for the van, the student has familiarized herself with computer adaptive testing (CAT). Which of the following statements about CAT is most accurate? | CAT allow the exam to be continually customized to a student performance |
| the diagnosis related groups(DRG) method of payment was developed by the federal government in the 1980s. The DRG system establishes | fixed rates for healthcare treatment using radar base on patient variables |
| on March 23, 2010 sweeping healthcare reforms were signed into law by Pres. Obama. The primary goal of the new legislation is to | ensure that all Americans have access to healthcare services |
| what was the most important contribution of the Red Cross when it was founded by J.H. Dunant in the 19th century | establishing rules for the treatment of wounded people during wartime |
| a student has downloaded the NCLEX-PN test plan from the national Council of State boards of nursing (NCSBN)website. The document will allow the student to determine | the number of questions student will be required to answer during NCLEX-PN |
| the development of nursing in the United States had been closely associated with Sarah watershed event in American history. What event centered the greatest awareness of the need for skilled nurses | the Civil War |
| the Crimean war of the mid-19th century was the venue for many of the sweeping changes to nursing that were introduced by Florence Nightingale. What statement that describes changes | under Nightingale's influence, nursing became respectable,organized, and effective |
| the two most common ways that people for healthcare are through private health insurance and government health insurance. what aspects of the current arrangement present the greatest challenge to policymakers and citizens alike | there are millions of Americans who have neither private nor government health insurance |
| during the years between 1948 in 1954, the number of schools dedicated to educating practical nurses in the United States grew by more than 260 schools. This rapid growth was primarily a result of what phenomena | shortages in the number of registered nurses in the United States |
| a student elated at having completed the NCLEX-PN and now eagerly await the results of the exam. The student will receive the results of the theme from | State Board of nursing |
| what health care institution would require mandatory accreditation | a hospital that receives funding for Medicare |
| increase in healthcare costs have been rising because of what factors | the aging of the American population and increasing cost for disease treatment |
| what item should a nursing student bring into the test room at the NCLEX-PN | photo identification |
| a rural community has experienced a significant outbreak of measles among children in the area. Nurses in this community would primarily be in contact with what agency in the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) | the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |
| by the end of the 1700s changing social conditions created a greatly increased need for compassionate and effective healthcare. these changing social conditions were largely a result to what phenomena | industrialization |
| a nurse to provide care in a hospital setting can expect to contribute to the continually quality improvement (CQI) process in what way | participating actively in the survey and evaluations that are used to determine quality of care |
| Native Americans often suffer abuses within the healthcare system. Which of the following historical nursing leaders challenge those abuses in an effort to improve the health of Native American | Susie Walking Bear Yellowtail |
| What member of the care team would be most able to assist the patient with organizing his living situation? | social worker |
| A cultural assessment should be done | when the patient's beliefs may impact care |
| A group of students have been examining the nurse practice act this in place in their state. What is a nursing practice act? | the law that define the practice of nursing in the state |
| The nurse is unsure of the specific admission process that is used on the unit and was not responsible for admissions in her previous nursing role. How should the nurse respond to the manager's directive? | Ask the manager for further teaching and training about the admission process on the unit |
| At the facility, the nurse will be providing care along with several unlicensed assistive personnel (UAPs). The nurse should be aware that UAPs are | able to provide certain aspects of basic patient care under the direction of a nurse. |
| A licensed practical nurse performs many tasks and functions in the course of his or her job. Which of the following aspects of nursing is a reflection of Dorothy Orem's theory of nursing? | Compensating for patients' deficits in their ability to care for themselves |
| The LVN works together with a registered nurse and a nurse's aide to provide care for nine of the patients on the unit, and two similar groups of care providers are responsible for the remaining 18 patients on the unit. What model of nursing care is this | team nursing |
| A middle-aged man has just died in a motorcycle accident and his wife has been informed by the care team. According to Dr. Elizabeth Kübler-Ross, what is the first stage of grief that the patient's wife will likely experience? | denial |
| A nurse can best demonstrate respect for a patient's ethnic practices by | arranging the environment to accommodate his or her ethnic practices |
| A nurse has been accused of a tort. A tort is defined as | an injury or wrong committed by one person against another. |
| A nurse has completed morning care and assessments and will now document the findings. When documenting care on a patient's chart, the nurse should do which of the following? | using only officially approved abbreviation |
| A nurse is aware that the human genome project has numerous ethical implications. This project examined | the arrangement of all human genes |
| A nurse is aware that there are numerous safety hazards that exist in the hospital setting. In order to reduce or eliminate patients' risks of injury, the nurse should | learn the fire and safety regulations of the hospital |
| A nurse practitioner (NP) is a registered nurse who has advanced education in a specialty. Which of the following aspects of nursing care is exclusive to the NP role? | Ordering medications and diagnostic tests |
| A nurse recently committed a drug error in which a patient received ten times the ordered dose of an opioid analgesic. How might the concept of respondeat superior affect the consequences of this event | The nurse's employer may share some of the liability for this error |
| A nurse should be aware of the different types of laws that influence public life. Public law (statutory law) includes | constitutional law, administrative law, and criminal law |
| A nurse threatens a patient that if he does not take his medication by mouth, she will have to give it by an injection that is quite painful. What has this nurse committed? | assault |
| A nursing student has been learning from her clinical and classroom instructors about the importance of maintaining high ethical standards. Why is ethical behavior important in nursing? | Nurses have the potential to do good and the potential to do harm. |
| This morning, the student has just completed a head-to-toe assessment of a patient who has a complex medical history. What is the next step in the student's application of the nursing process? | identify nursing diagnoses that apply to the patient |
| However, the patient's son and daughter-in-law have recently arrived to visit the patient and have asked for the procedure to be put off until they can spend some time with him. How should the nurse best respond to the family's request? | Unfortunately, this can't be put off because it's very important for your father's care.” |
| telling a colleague, “I don't actually need to pay for personal insurance because my hospital has its own malpractice insurance.” How should the nurse's colleague best respond | “You could be sued personally and the hospital's insurance might not cover all your liability.” |
| Administrators of a hospital are considering a fundamental reorganization of the way that care is provided. Nurses and administrators alike should be aware that | changes to the way that nursing is organized can have profound effects on patient safety |
| n experienced nurse has recently transitioned from performing bedside care to acting in a case manager role | organizing the patient's care to minimize costs and maximize benefit |
| An experienced nurse who works in a busy, urban hospital is aware of the importance of multidisciplinary teams. What is the primary benefit of multidisciplinary teams in patient care? | Multidisciplinary teams make use of different individuals' areas of expertise |
| Cultural grouping is most often based on | values and beliefs |
| During his last shift, a nurse realized that he made a medication error by administering a medication to the wrong patient. Which of the nurse's following actions best demonstrates accountability? | Writing up an incident report and taking action to review correct medication administration |
| Ethical decisions are dependent on a number of contextual factors and are made in three areas of consideration. These are | the individual, the society, or the situation |
| Ethnic grouping is generally based on | race, religion, language, and nationality |
| How can a nurse best avoid a malpractice claim | By maintaining high personal standards |
| If you find a patient who does not speak your language quietly crying in his bed, the first thing you should do is to | gently touch his shoulder |
| The hospital was recently sold and the new owners have hired a doctor who will be performing outpatient elective abortions. Your religious convictions forbid you to be involved in any way in elective abortion procedures. What should you do? | submit your resignation and look for a new job |
| Immediately after the death of a patient, family members should be | ask what they want to do |
| In an effort to promote clarity, the manager of a busy hospital unit has posted a copy of the hospital's organizational chart. What information will be conveyed by this chart? | The specific responsibilities of the key staff members and the lines of authority |
| In order to accept and respect differences in others, one must first | understand oneself |
| In the management of a difficult situation, two licensed practical nurses have referred to the code of ethics provided by the National Federation for Licensed Practical Nurses (NFLPN). What is the purpose of a code of ethics? | To specify ideal behaviors that nurses should aspire to |
| In which of the following situations would a state's Good Samaritan laws be a relevant consideration? | A person unsuccessfully performs cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a stranger in a mall. |
| Licensed practical nurses as well as the other members of the health care team require a particular set of skills and personal characteristics. What characteristics is essential in order to be a competent and effective provider of health care? | Ability to keep their personal problems private and to themselves |
| Numerous job opportunities exist for licensed practical/vocational nurses (LP/VNs) who have skills and interests outside of providing direct patient care. Which of the following nursing roles is most likely to be open to an experienced LP/VN? | Team Leader |
| Private law (civil or common law) includes | contract laws and law of torts |
| Since being admitted to the hospital with a stroke, a patient has received direct and indirect care from dozens of members of the health care team. who completed to most postsecondary education | pathologist |
| The care of the many residents of a large, long-term care facility is organized according to the functional nursing model. The use of this nursing delivery model has what consequence for residents? | Residents experience efficient, but fragmented care because of the large number of people who care for them. |
| What could a nurse ask themselves when attempting to create an ethical plan of action for a 16 year old girl that's pregnant and doesn't want her parents to know | what would happen if everyone did what we plan to do |
| What is the first step that the care team should take when addressing this ethical dilemma? | gather all the known facts surrounding the ethical dilemma |
| The goal of transcultural nursing care is to | incorporate all aspects of a person's culture in planning and providing care. |
| The health care team is made up of a diverse group of individuals who ultimately share a common goal. Members of the health care team, including licensed practical/vocational nurses, prioritize what goal? | Ensuring that patients, clients, and residents receive excellent health care. |
| The managers of a long-term care facility have accused a licensed practical nurse of breach of contract. In order to strengthen their case, the managers of the facility must demonstrate | that they suffered a financial loss as a result of the nurse's actions. |
| The NAPNES Code of Ethics | lists the rules of good conduct of practical/vocational nurses. |
| The standards of nursing care that are published by various organizations are often used | nursing malpractice cases |
| The third step in the process of ethical decision-making is to | describe the dilemma |
| the word ethical means | knowledge of right and wrong |
| Three guidelines to follow when deciding on a course of action related to an ethical dilemma are | A. collect the facts, ask yourself what would happen if everyone behaved in this way, and discuss concerns with an authority. |
| Using embryonic stem cells to repair damaged tissue is a controversial ethical issue. The issue is an example of which type of ethics? | Societal |
| When an unmarried pregnant teenager asks you for advice on what she should do about her pregnancy, you should | ask her if she would like to talk to a counselor. |
| When you go to a patient's room to give morning care, you notice that she is reading a Bible. What should you do? | ask if she wants you to come back in 15 min. |
| Which of the following situations is most likely to be considered a crime | A nurse physically restrains a patient, resulting in injury |
| While you are caring for your patient, you hear your coworker and friend telling a patient to “get out of bed immediately and get dressed or there will be no breakfast today.” This statement is an example of | abuse |
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TinkyPinky