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Chemistry 1 ljw
Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| chemical change | also known as chemical reaction; substances are used up (disappear and others are formed to take their places |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| chemistry | the science that deals with matter; the structure and properties of matter and the transformation from one form of matter to another |
| physical changes | substances that do not change. The changes only take place in their state |
| chemical properties | chemical reactions that a substance undergoes |
| physical properties | properties that do not involve chemical reactions |
| scientific method | a tool scientists use to test theories |
| fact | a statement based on direct experience |
| hypothesis | a statement that is proposed without actual proof, to explain the facts and their relationship |
| theory | the formulation of an apparent relationship among certain observed phenomena, which has been verified to some extent |
| serendipity | chance observation |
| exponential notation | based on the powers of 10 |
| significant figures | number that needed to make a reasonable conclusion |
| metric system | a system of measurement that originated in France |
| International System of Units (SI) | is based on the metric system and uses some of the metric units |
| meter (m) | base unit of length |
| volume | space |
| liter (L) | base unit of volume |
| mass | the quantity of matter in an object |
| gram (g) | base unit of mass |
| weight | the force a mass experiences under the pull of gravity |
| second (s) | the base unit of timme |
| Celsius | base unit of temperature |
| Kelvin (K) | absolute scale |
| absolute value | 0K |
| factor-label method | follows the rule that when multiplying numbers, we also multiply units and when dividing numbers, we also divide units |
| gasses | has no definite shape or volume |
| liquids | have no definite shape, but they do have a definite volume that remains the same when they are poured from one container to another |
| solids | have definite shapes and volumes. They are compressible |
| destiny | mass per unit volume |
| specific gravity | numerically the same as density, but it has no units |
| enery | the capacity to do work |
| kinetic energy (KE) | the enerrgy of motion |
| potential energy | stored energy |
| law of conservation of energy | the statement that energy can be neither created or destroyed |
| heat | the form of heat that most frequently accompanies chemical reactions |
| calorie | the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1g of liquid water by 1 degree c |
| joule (J) | the official SI unit for heat |
| specific heat (SH) | the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1g of any substance by 1 degree C |
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1507509781
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