Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 1
Matter & Change
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Living things are the main focus of what type of science | Biological Science |
| Nonliving things are the main focus of what type of science | Physical Science |
| The study of the composition, structure, and properities of matter, the processes thata matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes. | Chemistry |
| What happens when electrons hit a material | They scatter and produce a pattern that shows the materials microstructure. |
| Invisible rays are called | X ray also used to determine microstructures |
| An instrument used to measure the mass of materials. | Balance |
| The visible things all around you | macrostructures |
| The study of most carbon-containing compounds | organic chemistry |
| The study of non-organic substances, many of which have organic fragments bonded to metals (organometallics | Inorganic chemistry |
| The study of the properties and changes of matterand their relation to energy | Physical chemistry |
| The identification of the components and composition of materials | Analystical chemisry |
| The study of substances and processes occurring in living things | Biochemistry |
| The use of mathematics and computers to understand the principles behind observed chemical behavior and to design and predict the properties of new compounds | Theoretical chemistry |
| Any substance that has a definitie composition | Chemical |
| Name the six branches of study in chemistry | Organic, inorganic, physical, analystical, biochemistry, theoretical |
| Research carried out for the sake of increasing knowledge, such as how and why a specific reaction occurs and what the properites of a substance are. | Basic Research |
| Research that is carried out to solve a problem. | Applied Research |
| The production and use of products that improve our quality of life. | Technological Development |
| The amount of three-dimensional space an object occupies | Volume |
| Anything that has mass and takes up space | matter |
| All matter has what | volume and mass |
| The measure of the amount of matter | Mass |
| The fundamental building blocks of matter | atoms and molecules |
| The smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element | Atom |
| A pure substance tha cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom | Element |
| An element that contains one kind of atom | Carbon |
| A substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances | Compound |
| Made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded. | Compound |
| An example of a compound | Water |
| The smallest unit of an element or compound that retains all of the properties of that element or compound | molecule |
| Can help to reveal the identity of an unknown substance | Properties |
| Depend on the amount of matter that is present; such as volume, mass, & the amount of energy in a substance | Extensive Properties |
| Do not depend on the amount of matter present, such as teh melting point, boiling point, density, & ability to conduct electricity and to transfer energy as heat | Intensive properties |
| True or False: Intensive properties are the same for a given substance regardless of how much of teh substance is present. | True |
| Properties can also be grouped into two general types | Physical properties and chemical properties |
| A Characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance | Physical property |
| Example of physical property | melting point & boiling point |
| A change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance | Physical change |
| A physical change of a substnace from one state to another | Change of state |
| What is the three most common states of matter | solid, liquid, gas |
| What state of matter has a definite volume and defintie shape | Solid |
| What state of matter has a definite volume but an indefinite shape | Liquid (assumes the shape of its container) |
| What state of matter has neither definite volumne nor definite shape | Gas |
| A high temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons, particles that make up atoms. | Plasma |
| An example of where plasma is found | Flourescent bulb |
| True or False: Physical properties can be observed without changing the identity of teh substance | True |
| True or False: Chemical properites can be observed without changing the identity of the substance | False |
| Relates to a substance's ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances. | Chemical property |
| A change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances is called | chemical change or chemical reaction |
| The substances that are formed by the chemical change are called | products |
| Molecules are close together in what state of water | solid and liquid |
| Molecules are far apart in what state of water | gas |
| True or False: Molecules in the solid state are fixed | True |
| True or False: Molecules in the liquid and gas states can flow around each other | True |
| Chemical changes do or do not affect teh total amount of matter present before and after a reaction | It does not |
| True or False: Energy is always involved when physical or chemical chanes | True |
| What law indicates that although energy can be absorbed or released in a change, it is not destroyed or created. It assumes a different form. | The law of conservation of energy. |
| The substance whose composition is the same throughout and does not vary from sample to sample. | pure substance |
| This contains more than one substance and can vary in composition and properities from sample to sample & sometimes from one part of a sample to another part. | Mixure |
| A blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own idenity and properities. | mixture |
| A mixture that is uniformed in composition | homogeneous (they have the same properities of components throughout. |
| What are homogeneous mixtures called | solutions |
| Mixtures that are not unformed throughout are called | heterogeneous |
| How are some mixtures separated | By filtration or vaporized |
| What is used to separate some mixtures of dyes or pigments | paper chromatogeraphy |
| How does a pure substance differs from a mixture | 1. Every sample of a given pure substance has exactly the same characteristic properities. 2. Every sample of a given pure substance has exactly teh same composition |
| What type of substance is either compounds or elements | Pure Substance |
| What can be decomposed or broken down into two or more simplier compounds or elements by a chemical change | Compound |
| Name chemical grades of purity | ACS (American Chemical Society, USP (United States Parmacopocia), CP (Chemically pure), NF ()National Formulary), FCC (Food Chemical Code), Technical |
| What is the organization of of elements into groups based on similar chemical properities? | Periodic Table |
| The vertical columns of the periodic table is called | Groups or families |
| The horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table is called | Periods |
| Name the two sections of teh Periodic table | metals and nonmetals |
| Where are the metals located on the periodic table | left & in the center |
| Where are the nonmetals located on the periodic table | right |
| List properities of metal | shininess or metallic luster |
| An element that has a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor | Metal |
| Many nonmetals are what | gases |
| An element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity. | nonmetal |
| an element that has some characteristics of metals and some of nonmetals. | metalloid |
| The elements that are in Group 18 of the periodic table that are generally unreactive | noble gases |
Created by:
tbstinso
Popular Chemistry sets