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Ortho Tech 1
Preparing for License exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Water or fluid in a joint | Effusion |
| Ossification of muscle in response to trauma | Myositis Ossificans |
| Jewett brace treats what position | Flexion |
| Type of TLSO brace. Pushes towards extension | Knight Taylor |
| A cervical and upper thoracic orthosis. Provides good orthotic control of the neck | Minerva Brace |
| an irritation of the patellar ligament at the tibial tuberosity. It is characterized by painful lumps below the knee and is most often seen in young adolescents | Osgood Schlatter |
| an overuse injury. It occurs when muscles become fatigued and are unable to absord added shock. The break occurs in the metatarsal bone | Stress fracture |
| an injury of the foot in which one or all of the metatarsal bones are displaced from the tarsus. A fracture and dislocation of the midfoot. | Lisfranc Injury |
| placing the patient face down on a couch or table allowing the arm to hang freely without the patient holding on to the legs or supporting the arm in any way. | Hanging-arm Technique |
| involves laying the patient on the floor, lifting and pulling the arm upwards and pushing the humeral head back into its correct position with the unbooted forefoot | Hippocratic Method |
| Consists of a slow external rotationof the arm to relax the spasm of the subscapularis muscle. When full external rotation has been achieved, the humeral head could be easily replaced. | Kocher's Method |
| A special brace with cuffs that go around the thighs and are attached to a bar. This holds the hips and knees up (flexed) with the legs apart (abducted). Treats club foot, Tibial Torshion, Equinovarus. | Dennis Browne bar |
| Sarmiento is also called what? | Patella tendon bearing cast |
| A test is used to examine the integrity of the Achilles' tendon. A normal non-injured response to this maneuver is slight plantarflexion of the ankle. Lack of ankle movement can indicate a rupture of the Achilles' tendon | Thompson Test |
| What is the Position for surgery on Achilles tendon repair? | The patient is placed in the prone position with both prepped feet dangling from the end of the table. |
| A sign of deep vein thrombosis. A positive sign is present when there is resistance (not pain) in the calf or popliteal region with examiner's abrupt dorsiflexion of the patient's foot at the ankle while the knee is fully extended | Homan's sign |
| a serious condition that involves increased pressure in a muscle compartment. It can lead to muscle and nerve damage and problems with blood flow. | compartment syndrome |
| Orthopedic mechanisms by which pull is exerted on the lower extremity with ropes weights and pulleys may be unilateral or bilateral used to immobilize position and align the lower extremity in the treatment of contractures and diseases of the hip and knee | Buck's Traction |
| a unilateral or a bilateral orthopedic mechanism that combines suspension and traction to immobilize, position, and align the lower extremities in the treatment of fractured femurs, hip and knee contractures, and disease processes of the hip and knee | Russell's traction |
| Pavlick harness treats what age | 0-6 months |
| How would you correct a hanging arm cast with Anterior Angulation | Shorten the sling and keep it in a neutral loop |
| How would you correct a hanging arm cast with posterior angulation | Lengthen the sling and keep it in a neutral loop |
| How would you correct a hanging arm cast with medial angulation(Valgus) | Supinate the forearm and put it in a volar loop |
| How would youcorrect a hanging arm cast with lateral angulation (Varus) | Pronate forearm and put it in a dorsal loop |
| A patient who presents with any type of shoulder pain should always be examined to r/o what? | Cervical spine injury |
| When treating a closed, mid shaft clavicle fracture which would be the most appropriate means of treating this type of injury | Figure 8 |
| The most common direction for glenohumeral dislocation is | Anterior |
| In a Grade III acromioclavicular joint injury, the most appropriate device for treatment is | Varney Brace |
| In the treatment of proximal humeral fxs, it is necessary to get early motion. What is the term used to describe the exercises for these injuries | Codman |
| The term for the fibrous tissue of cartilage and immature bone that forms at the fx site to create the first stability of the bone is | Callus |
| The law which states that bone will remodel in relation to stress is | Wolf's Law |
| Which is not a appropriate treatment method for an acute, closed, mid shaft, humeral fx? sarmiento cuff, coaptation, Shoulder spica, hanging arm cast, Western velpeau | Western Velpeau |
| What is the term for the device used as a shoulder immobilizer that consists of a single, 12' long 3'' tubular stockinetter with only two cuts in it | western velpeau |
| on any A.P. x-ray of a humerus, what angulation can be measured? | varus/valgus |
| name the term for an abrasion on the humeral head usually seen following anterior shoulder dislocation | hill-sacs lesion |
| name the term for the traction used to treat humeral shaft or related fxs | dunlop's |
| name the surgical procedure that consists of a capsular repair in the glenoid for chronic anterior dislocation of the shoulder | bankhart |
| the term for the operative procedure involving the resection of the distal clavicle for chroinic ac separation | mumford |
| the term for a lieson seen following a shoulder dislocation on the anterior glenoid rim is a | bankhart |
| what is a treatment of humeral shaft fxs | collar and cuff |
| the surgical procedure that consists of screw fixation of the clavical to the coracoid for AC seperations is | bosworth procedure |
| Describe Salter Harris type 1 fracture | physis fracture |
| Describe Salter Harris type 2 fracture | Metaphysis and physis fracture |
| Describe Salter Harris type 3 fracture | Epiphysis and physis fracture |
| Describe Salter Harris type 4 fracture | Fracture through epiphysis, physis and metaphysis |
| Describe Salter Harris type 5 fracture | Crush fracture |
| a fracture of the distal radius in the forearm with dorsal (posterior) displacement of the wrist and hand. | Colles fracture |
| hard, bony outgrowths or gelatinous cysts on the proximal interphalangeal joints | Bouchard's nodes |
| an injury of the extensor digitorum tendon of the fingers at the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP). | Mallet Finger |
| an anatomical term that refers to the special connective attachments by which the extensor tendons insert into the phalanges. | Extensor expansion (dorsal hood) |
| Treatments for Mallet finger | Surgery, mallet finger splint (stack splint)for 6-8 weeks, extension block K-wire for 4 weeks |
| How do you make a plaster cast solid? | Laminate while rolling plaster |
| What is deformation of bone | Pagets Disease |
| Max Bucks Traction weight is | 5 lbs |
| LLC skeletal traction device with pin at end of Tibia to reduce fracture with single bar over head | Neufeld roller traction |
| Difference between steiman pin and K-wire | Diameter |
| What is a trocar tip | sharp point |
| mainly used in young children who have fractures of the femur or congenital abnormalities of the hip Both the patient's limbs are suspended in the air vertically at a ninety degree angle from the hips and knees slightly flexed pt must be less than 30 lbs | Bryant's traction |
| A general class of nail bit or screw or tap that is hallow is | cannulated |
| Traction to hip injury that will both pull on extemity and flex knee | Russels traction |
| Gradual or sudden movement of femoral head toward posterior or medial direction | Slipped capital femoral epiphysis |
| Balkman frame max weight is (double frame) | 350 lbs |
| Acetabular fractures require ORIF becuase | Part of pelvis, interarticular, weight bearing |
| Pediatric spika positions | abduction and flection |
| Classification of internal fix devices (hansen st, kuntscher, lottes, schneider) | intramedullary nail |
| Double verticle fx of one side of pelvis | malgaigne fracture |
| 2nd most common cause of death in trauma | Pelvic fracture |
| Is a Pelvic sling a method of traction? | no |
| In fractures of Hip and acetabulum what is the most feared delayed complication | Avascular Necrosis |
| treatment for dislocation of the hip joint that is present at birth. The condition is found in babies or young children. | Pavlic harness |
| What is the most stable position for the hip in traction once reduced | Abduction and flection |
| Patient has bilateral femoral shaft fractures what is the best cast? | Double Hip Spica |
| Patient has extensor tendon injury and cannot extend distal phalynx of middle finger. Name the deformity | Mallet finger |
| What is the name of a rounded prominence from a bone? | tubercle (condyle) |
| Tibia fracture in 10 degrees of recurvatum what type of opening wedge do you use? | Anterior |
| a hyperextension orthosis, which allows extension but prevents flexion of the spine. | Jewett brace |
| The abreviation DRG refers to reimbursement by 1)Patient diagnosis 2)Cost to treat a condition 3)Group health plan 4)Workman's compensation review | Patient diagnosis |
| Treatment which comes under DME billing would include 1)Arthroscopic surgeries 2)Functional braces 3)Closed reductions 4)Therapeutic medications | Functional braces |
| According to occupational safety and health administration(OSHA) standards, all health care practitioners should review "Protective precaution guidelines" 1)weekly 2)monthly 3)Quarterly 4)Annually | Annually |
| Before treating an patient you should 1)evaluate the patient's general appearance 2)consider everyone involved as infected 3)Consider the procedure to be performed 4)Evaluate medical records for known infectious diseases | Consider everyone involved as infected and consider the procedure to be performed |
| In cast application, the stockinette is applied 1)after the webril 2)before the webril 3)after the plaster 4)alternating with the webril | before the webril |
| All of the following instructions should be given to a patient in a plaster cast except 1)keep the cast clean 2)avoid getting the cast wet 3)exercise non-immobilized, adjacent joints 4)foreign objects may be inserted into the cast | Foreign objects may be inserted into the cast |
| CPM stands for 1)continuous passive motion 2)controlled pedal monitor 3)constant pediatric muscle contracture 4)cold pack muscle treatment | Continuous passive motion |
| A volar splint is defined as a splint that is 1)applied to the posterior forearm 2)applied to the forearm and upper arm 3)applied to the anterior forearm 4)extending from the thigh to the lower calf | applied to the anterior forearm |
| The velpeau dressing is used to treat fx of the 1)tibia 2)femur 3)ulna 4)humerus | Humerus |
| When two crutches and the injured lower extremity move together with full weight bearing on the unaffected leg, what type of gait is used 1)one point 2)two point 3)three point 4)four point | three point |
| Adequate immobilization of a metacarpal fx can be obtained with a 1)plaster cast with a finger splint 2)elastic bandage 3)buddy taping of two fingers 4)volar splint | plaster cast with a finger splint |
| A cast applied from hips to head that is used to immobilize cervical fractures is a 1)plaster shell 2)hip spica 3)body jacket 4)minerva jacket | Minerva jacket |
| The type of cast used for progressive control of joint contracture is 1)Munster 2)spica 3)serial 4)cylinder | Munster |
| A CPM machine is most effective when applied 1)two weeks before surgery 2)immediately before surgery 3)Immediately after surgert 4)Two weeks after surgery | Immediately after surgery |
| When using crutches, the elbow should be in what position 1)5 degrees of flexion 2)15 degrees of flextion 3)30 degrees of flexion 4)40 degrees of flexion | 15 degrees of flexion |
| The purpose of supracondylar cast is to 1)limit pronation 2)limit supination 3)Limit extension | limit supination and pronation |
| when dealing with a smith's fx, a long arm cast is applied with the forearm in what postion 1)flexion 2)extension 3)supination 4)pronation | supination |
| A CPM machine may be used following which procedure 1)lumbar spine fusion 2)total knee replacement 3)total disc replacement 4)ulnar nerve transposition | Total knee replacement |
| In which instance would a bone growth stimulator NOT be tried 1)mal-union 2) Non-union 3)Pseudoarthrosis 4)delayed union | Pseudoarthrosis |
| when applying a cast to the upper extremity, the cast should be cut away from the palmar crease to allow 1)the pt full finger flexion 2)the clinician to check sensation 3) the clinician to check capillary refill | the pt full finger flexion and the clinican to check sensation |
| A cast is usually wedged to do which of the following 1)Relieve swelling 2)Properly align a fractured bone 3)reduce skin irritation 4)Permit dressing changes and suture removal | properly align a fractured bone |
| Which of the following types of plaster splints extends from the metacarpophalangeal joint dorsally around the elbow to the palmar crease 1)dorsal 2)long arm 3)sugar tong 4)volar short arm | sugar tong |
| What is the minimum drying time recommended from plaster casting 1)2 to 10 minutes 2)15 to 30 minutes 3)16 to 20 hours 4)24 to 48 hours | 24-48 hours |
| A hanging arm cast is used primarily to produce which of the following 1)traction 2)elevation 3)pain relief 4)direct immobilization | Traction |
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preto4973