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Atomic Theory-Struct
Describing the atom
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How are elements abbreviated in chemical shorthand? | The first letter is always a capital. If there is a second letter it is always lower case. |
| What is an Atom? | The basic building block of all matter. |
| What is an element? | A substance that contains only one type of Atom. A pure substance. |
| What are the three particles in an Atom? | Protons, Neutrons & Electrons. |
| What is the electrical charge of a Proton? | Positive (+) |
| Who Is credited with the discovery of the proton and electron? | J. J. Thomson |
| What is the electrical charge of a neutron? | Neutral (o) |
| What is the electrical charge of an electron? | Negative (-) |
| Who is given credit for the discovery of the neutron? | James Chadwick |
| What is the nucleus of an atom? | The center or core. The part of the atom with the most mass. |
| What particles are in the nucleus of an atom? What are they called collectively? | Protons & Neutrons. Nucleons |
| What is the meaning of the Atomic Number? | Atomic Number = # of Protons. |
| The atomic number determines the ___ of an element. | identity |
| What is the meaning of the Atomic Mass number? | The Atomic Mass number = # of Protons + # of Neutrons. |
| Where are the electrons of an atom located? | Outside of the nucleus in an electron cloud. |
| How much mass do the atomic particles have? | Protons & Neutrons contain most of the mass of the atom. The electrons are so small we cannot measure their mass. Electron mass is counted as zero. |
| What is an Isotope? | An atom that has the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons. |
| What is an Ion? | An atom with an electric charge. |
| How does an atom gain an electrical charge? | It gains or loses one or more valence electrons. |
| How does a normal atom maintain a total neutral charge? | Equal numbers of Protons (+) and Electrons (-). |
| From the Periodic Table, how do you find the # of Neutrons in an atom? | # of Neutrons = Atomic Mass - Atomic Number. or A - Z |
| Do we know the exact location of electrons in the electron cloud? | electrons in the electron cloud? No. The exact location of electrons cannot be known for certain. We can only predict the approximate & probably location of the electrons in various shells |
| What is a Shell Energy Level? | The approximate location of electrons in the electron cloud surrounding the atomic nucleus. |
| Who "coined" the term atom? | Democritus |
| Who proved the Law of Conservation of Mass? | Antoine Lavoisier |
| State the Law of Conservation of Mass. | The Law of Conservation of Mass states that matter or mass can not be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. |
| Define frequency | the number of waves that pass through a given point per unit of time |
| Define wavelength | the physical distance between two successive peaks or two successive troughs. One wavelength consists of one complete crest and one complete trough |
| Define amplitude. | The maximum displacement from a base line. |
| Describe the ground state energy. | The energy closest to the nucleus with the lowest amount of energy. |
| How is electron transition like climbing the rungs on a ladder? | Electrons cannot exist between energy levels just your feet cannot exist between the rungs of a ladder. Electrons may move up or down or skip energy levels, but cannot exist in between energy levels. |
Created by:
championj1
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