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On a medical order (prescription PRN means
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Implementation or fulfillment of a prescriber's or caregiver's prescribed course of treatment or therapeutic plan by a patient. Also called adherence
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Pharmacology 5e
Pharmacology & the nursing process 5e ch1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| On a medical order (prescription PRN means | as required (pro re nata) |
| Implementation or fulfillment of a prescriber's or caregiver's prescribed course of treatment or therapeutic plan by a patient. Also called adherence | Compliance. |
| Outcome criteria are _A_ & should be _B_ | A) concrete descriptions of patient goals, B) , they should be patient focused, succinct, & well thought out |
| Statements that are time specific & describe generally what is to be accomplished to address a specific nursing diagnosis | goals. |
| The nurse is administering a medication & the order reads: Give 250 mcg PO now. The tablets in the medication dispensing cabinet are in milligram strength. What is the right dose of the drug in milligrams? 250mcg./1000 | .25mg. |
| Which phase of the nursing process requires the nurse to establish a comprehensive baseline of data concerning a particular patient? | assessment. |
| Any preventable adverse drug event involving inappropriate medication use by a patient or health care professional; it may or may not cause the patient harm | medication error. |
| Ms. B. tells the nurse that she smokes a pack of cigarettes a day is this objective or subjective data? | subjective, b/c she could actually be smoking more. |
| An informed decision on the part of the patient not to adhere to or follow a therapeutic plan or suggestion. Also called nonadherence | non compliance. |
| based on the nursing care plan; After data is collected & nursing diagnoses are formulated, | the planning phase begins; this includes identification of goals & outcome criteria. |
| name the "Six Rights" of drug administration | right drug, right dose, right time, right route, right patient, right documentation. |
| What part of the planning phase of a nursing care plan includes expectations for behavior indicating something that can be changed & w/a specific time frame or deadline | outcome criteria. |
| A framework for the practice of nursing that encompasses all steps taken by the nurse in caring for a patient: assessment, nursing diagnoses, planning (w/goals & outcome criteria), implementation of the plan (w/patient teaching), & evaluation | nursing process. |
| She is 5 feet 5 inches tall & weighs 135 pounds is subjective or objective data? | objective data b/c it can be verified through measurements. |
| The nurse monitors the fulfillment of goals, & may revise them, during which phase of the nursing process? | evaluation. |
| statements of specific patient behaviors/ responses that demonstrate meeting or achieving goals related to nursing diagnosis. Are verifiable, framed in behavioral terms, measurable, & time specific. | outcome criteria. |
| Outcome criteria are considered to be specific, whereas goals are | broad. |
| The major purposes of the planning phase are to prioritize the nursing diagnoses & specify | goals & outcome criteria, including the time frame for their achievement |
| specify ways to ensure that the right drug is addressed | compare drug order & med label; is drug appropriate fro patient; what is the current & past med history for patient; incl over the counter meds. |
| The physician wrote the following drug order: Nov 4, 2009; give lasix Now; Charles Simmons MD: patient name Jane Doe; F; 75yr; med record no. 1234567; DOB 1/16/34; what elements are missing if any & what will you do next? | missing route of delivery; dose amount Always Contact prescriber to clarify the incomplete order. |
| Any health care professional licensed by the appropriate regulatory board to prescribe medications | prescriber. |
| An analgesic is ordered every 4 to 6 hours prn for pain; after one dose , the patient complains of pain. After assessment, intervention w/another dose of analgesic would occur, but | only 4 to 6 hours after the previous dose. |
| The nurse finds that the patients pulse rate is 68 beats/min & blood pressure is 128/72mmHg is objective or subjective data | objective data, b/c it is verifiable & tested. |
| The nursing process is a well-established, research-supported framework for professional nursing practice. It is a flexible, adaptable, & adjustable five-step process consisting of | 1. assessment, 2. nursing diagnoses, 3. planning (including establishment of goals & outcome criteria), 4. implementation (including patient education), & 5. evaluation. |
| what ensures the delivery of thorough, individualized, & quality nursing care to patients, regardless of age, gender, medical diagnosis, or setting | the nursing process. |
| The nurse prepares & administers prescribed medications during which phase of the nursing process? | implementation phase. |
| this data includes info thru senses (seen, felt, heard, & smelled, chart, laboratory test results, reports of diag. proced, health hist, physical assessmt, & exam findings) Specific data (age, height, weight, allergies, med profile, & health hist | Objective data. |
| The planning phase provides time to obtain | special equipment for interventions, review the possible procedures or techniques to be used, & gather information for oneself (the nurse) or for the patient. |
| specify ways to ensure that the right dose is addressed | check: order & label of med.; rights 3 times before admin; math for dose; contact prescribe for any clarification; dose confirm appropriate for patient (age, size); dose against stock & normal dosage range. |
| What is a form of low blood pressure usually happens when you st& up feel dizzy, light headed or faint. | Orthostatic blood pressure: (hypotension). |
| Patient goals reflect expected & measurable changes in behavior through nursing care & are developed in | collaboration w/the patient. |
| B/c of the increasing incidence of medication errors related to the use of abbreviations such as “prn.”, "am", pm, many prescribers are using | the wording “as required” or “as needed” & Military time is used when medication & other orders are written into a patient's chart. |
| data that includes all spoken information shared by the patient, such as complaints, problems, or stated needs (e.g., patient complains of “dizziness, headache, vomiting, & feeling hot for 10 days”). | subjective data. |
| what information will be important to consider when obtaining a drug history? | use of prescription & OTC meds; home remedies, herbal & supplements; intake of alcohol, tobacco & caffeine; current/prior use of street drugs; health history; family history & allergies. |
| When developing a plan of care, which nursing action ensures the goal statement is patient-centered? a. Considering family input b. Involving the patient, c. Developing the goal first, & then sharing it w/the patient, d. Including the physician | Involving the patient. |
| Once the assessment phase has been completed the nurse analyzes objective & subjective data about the patient & the drug & formulates | nursing diagnoses. |
| To formulate the nursing diagnosis, the nurse must first (d)_______ the information collected. | analyze. |
| Patient goals developed in the planning phase of the nursing process are behavior based & may be categorized into | physiologic, psychological, spiritual, sexual, cognitive, motor, &/or other domains. |
| Times of medication administration may be changed if it is not harmful to the patient or if the medication or the patient's condition does not require adherence to an exact schedule, but only if | the change is approved by the prescriber. |
| This phase of developing the nursing care plan is guided by assessment, nursing diagnoses, & planning | implementation. |
| specify ways to ensure that the right route is addressed | Never assume the route of administration or change it; always check w/the physician or prescriber. |
| What step of the nursing care plan leads to the provision of safe care if professional judgment is combined w/the acquisition of knowledge about the patient & the medications to be given. | the planning phase. |
| according to the right time, a nurse should always check | policy of agency regarding routine medication administration times. |
| According to the right dose, extra caution w/drug dosage should be used w/ | Pediatric & elderly patients b/c they are more sensitive to medications than younger & middle-aged adult patients. |
| according to the planning phase of a nursing care plan which part is objective, measurable, & realistic, w/an established time period for achievement of the outcomes, which are specifically stated in the outcome criteria | The goals. |
| Deficient knowledge related to lack of experience w/medication regimen & 2nd-grade reading adult evidenced by inability to perform a return demonstration & inability to state adverse effects to report to the prescriber is an example of a | nursing diagnosis. |
| specify ways to ensure that the right time is addressed | assess conflict between pharmacokinetic & pharmacodynamic properties of drug prescribed & patient life style & likely hood of compliance. |
| Once data about the patient & drug is collected & reviewed, the nurse must critically analyze &synthesize information. All information should be verified & documented appropriately, & it is at this point that the | sum of the information about the patient & drug are used in the development of nursing diagnoses. |
| The phase of the nursing care plan requires constant communication & collaboration w/patient & members of the HC team involved in the patient's care & any family members, significant others, or other caregivers. | implementation. |
| The nurse includes which information as part of a complete medication history? A Use of "street" drugs b. Current laboratory work, c. History of surgeries, d. Family history | Use of street drugs. |
| The Nursing diagnosis statement: "Related to lack of experience w/med regimen & 2nd-grade reading level adult." Statement identifies factors related to response; often includes multi factors w/some degree of connection between them. The statement | does not necessarily claim that there is a cause-&-effect link between these factors & the response, only that there is a connection. |
| According to the right dose the nurse should note Patient variables (e.g., vital signs, age, gender, weight, height) b/c of | the need for dosage adjustments in response to specific parameters. |
| Implementation consists of initiation & completion of specific actions by the nurse as defined by | nursing diagnoses, goals, & outcome criteria. |
| Based on the right time, at times conflict w/prescribed time & pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties, concurrent drug therapy, dietary influences, testing, & other variables exist that causes noncompliance or complications nurses should | contact prescriber when noncompliance or conflict w/prescribed time exists & inquire about another drug w/different dosing frequency. |
| The (h) ____________ phase is ongoing & includes monitoring the patient's response to medication & determining the status of goals. | evaluation phase. |
| Nursing diagnoses are developed by professional nurses & are used as a means of | communicating & sharing information about the patient & the patient experience. |
| based on legal & ethical principles when documenting in a patients chart, a nurse should never use | negative terms or language. |
| Her stool was tested for occult blood by a laboratory technician; the results were negative is objective or subjective data | objective b/c it is a tested & verifiable result. |
| the prescribed right time for administration of antihypertensive drugs may be QID, but an active, 42-yr-old, 14 hr days, taking a medication QID is not feasible, & regimen may lead to noncompliance & subsequent complications. the nurse should | contact the prescriber & inquire about another drug w/a different dosing frequency (e.g., once or twice daily). |
| any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm while the medication is in the control of the health care professional, patient, or consumer is considered a | medical error. |
| Nursing diagnosis statement "As evidenced by inability to perform a return demonstration & inability to state adverse effects to report to the prescriber.” This statement | lists clues, cues, evidence, &/or data that support the nurse's claim that the nursing diagnosis is accurate. |
| specify ways to ensure that the right patient is addressed | check patient ID before admin; ask patient name; check ID b& to confirm name, ID number & allergies; TJC requires 2 patient id (name, birth date, SSI, med & record ID). |
| Nursing diagnoses are prioritized in order of | criticality based on patient needs or problems. |
| Based on the 6th right documentation The patient's chart should always have the following information: | Date & time of medication admin; Name of med; Dose; Route & Site of admin; Drug action (adverse effect, toxicity & any other) & reported; Improvements in condition, symptom or disease process & reported; Teaching & degree of understanding. |
| Implementation of nursing actions may be | independent, collaborative, or dependent upon a prescriber's order. |
| Other information that should be documented includes | if drug is not admin & why w/actions taken,2) refusal of med w/refusal reason (cause of refusal identified, & care plan revised & actions implemented), 3) time of drug admin, 4) clinical observations & treatment of patient if a med error occurred |
| What phase of a nursing care plan is a systematic, ongoing, dynamic phase related to drug therapy. It includes monitoring the fulfillment of goals & outcome criteria, & monitoring patient's therapeutic response to drug & adverse & toxic effects | evaluation phase. |
| name the ABCs of care that are often used as a basis for prioritization | airway, breathing, & circulation. |
| According to the right dose, the nurse should | recheck math calculations, decimal point & no trailing 0's |
| Data are collected during the (a) _________ phase of the nursing process. | assessment phase. |
| After the patient receives the dose of furosemide, what will you do? After administering any drug: | Evaluate patient response to drug therapy In this case monitor: intake & output; vital signs; & watch for orthostatic blood pressure changes. |
| Based on legal & ethical principles abbreviations are usually never | used in a patients chart to reduce errors |
| Checking the patient's identity before giving each medication dose is critical to the patient's safety. The nurse should ask: | 1. the patient to state his or her name; 2. check the patient's identification b& to confirm the patient's name, 3. check identification number, age, & allergies. |
| The nurse reviewing the orders for a new patient. One order reads: Tylenol, 2 tablets PO, every 4 hours as needed for pain/fever. The pharmacist calls to clarify order, saying, “The dose is not clear.” What does the pharmacist mean by this. | to prevent medical errors, look in drug source book: Tylenol (acetaminophen) tablets are available in strengths of both 325 mg & 500 mg. The order is missing the “right dose” & needs to be clarified. |
| Nursing diagnoses are the result of _A_, _B_, & _C_ collection of data regarding the patient as well as the drug | A) critical thinking, B) creativity, & C) accurate. |
| When documenting evaluations of a nursing care plan in a patients chart, the documentation becomes a very important component of evaluation & should consist of clear, concise, abbreviation-free charting that records | info related to goals, outcome criteria & info related to aspects of medication administration process, including therapeutic effects VS adverse effects or toxic effects of medications b/c it also monitors the implementation of standards of care |
| Prioritizing always begins w/ | the most important, significant, or critical need of the patient. |
| what elements of the nursing process allows a more holistic approach to patient care | addressing the physical, emotional, spiritual, sexual, financial, cultural, & cognitive aspects of a patient. |
| Nursing diagnoses related to drug therapy will most likely grow out of data associated w/ | deficient knowledge; risk for injury; noncompliance; various disturbances, deficits, excesses; impairments in bodily functions &/or other problems/concerns as related to drug therapy. |
| When completing the implementation phase of a nursing care plan, Statements of interventions should include | frequency, specific instructions, & any other pertinent information. |
| Checking the patient's identity before giving each medication dose is critical to the patient's safety. W/pediatric patients, | the parents/legal guardians are often the ones who identify the patient for the purpose of administration of prescribed medications. |
| For routine medication orders, the medications must be given no more than | ½ hour before or after the actual time specified in the prescriber's order (i.e., if a medication is ordered to be given at 0900 every morning, it may be given anytime between 0830 & 0930). |
| When filling out a patient's chart due to legal & ethical principles never use or write the terms | “by mistake,” “by accident,” “accidentally,” “unintentional,” or “miscalculated.” |
| On a patients chart documentation of drug action may also be made in the regularly scheduled assessments (& some should be reported) for | changes in symptoms patient experiences, adverse effects, toxicity, & other drug-related physical/psychologic symptoms. Improvement in condition, symptoms/disease process should be recorded, as well as no change,. |
| The nursing process, as it relates to drug therapy, involves the way in which a nurse | gathers, analyzes, organizes, provides, & acts upon data about the patient within the context of prudent nursing care & standards of care. |
| The nurse's ability to make astute assessments, formulate sound nursing diagnoses, establish goals & outcome criteria, correctly administer drugs, & continually evaluate patients’ responses to drugs | increases w/additional experience & knowledge. |
| data thru senses/seen, heard, felt, or smelled; from nursing physical assessment; nurse history; past & present med history; lab test, diagnostic studies/ procedures; measures (vital signs, weight, & height) & med profile are considered | objective data. |
| formal organization & major contributor to the development of nursing knowledge & the leading authority (on nursing diagnoses). | NANDA, North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. |
| Nursing diagnoses that involve actual responses are always ranked | above nursing diagnoses that involve only risks. |
| based on legal & ethical principles casual conversation w/peers, prescribers, & other members of HC team are not | written in a patients chart. |
| According to the right dose, the nurse must always check the dose & confirm that it is appropriate for the | patient's age & size, & check the prescribed dose against the available drug stocks & against the normal dosage range. |
| W/medication administration, the nurse needs to know & understand all of the information about | the patient & about each medication prescribed (gathered during the assessment phase). |
| the exception to routine medication orders when administering medication on time is that medications designated to be given stat (immediately), which must be administered | within ½ hour of the time the order is written. ( a nurse should always check P & P for any specific info concerning the “½ hour before/after” rule). |
| Checking the patient's identity before giving each medication dose is critical to the patient's safety. W/newborns & in labor & delivery situations, | the mother & baby have identification bracelets w/matching numbers, which should be checked before giving medications. |
| Nursing diagnoses have been developed through a formal process conducted by | NANDA are constantly updated & revised. |
| The phases of the nursing process include | assessment; development of nursing diagnoses; planning, w/establishment of goals & outcome criteria; implementation, including patient education; & evaluation. |
| Ms. B. says that she does not experience nausea, but she reports pain & heartburn, especially after eating popcorn-something she & her husband have always done while watching TV before bedtime. is objective or subjective data? | subjective b/c it cannot be verified. |
| The nurse is compiling a drug history for a patient. The most helpful question the nurse can ask is | When you take your pain medicine, does it relieve the pain |
| During which phase of the nursing process does the nurse prioritize the nursing diagnoses? | Planning phase. |
| The planning phase includes | the identification of goals & outcome criteria, provides time frames, & is patient oriented. |
| What are the steps of the nursing process in order, w/(I) being the first step & (5) being the last step | 1. assessment, 2. formulation of diagnosis 3. Planning, 4. implementation, 5. evaluation. |
| For medication orders w/the annotation “prn” (pro re nata, or “as required”), the medication should be given at | special times & under certain circumstances. |
| A 77-year-old man who has been diagnosed w/an upper respiratory tract infection tells the nurse that he is allergic to penicillin. What s the most appropriate response by the nurse | What type of reaction did you have when you took penicillin. |
| Nursing diagnoses are formulated based on ___ & ____ data & help to drive the nursing care plan by suggesting ___ & ____. | objective & subjective; specific goals & outcomes. |
| Based on legal & ethical issues if an incident occurs such as medication error or incident or an incident report is filed it is never | mentioned in a patients chart nor is the words "incident report" placed on a patient chart. |
| Goals are | objective, realistic, & measurable patient-centered statements w/time frames & are broad. |
| The purpose of NANDA is to increase the visibility of nursing's contribution to the care of patients & to further | develop, refine, & classify the information & phenomena related to nurses & professional nursing practice. |
| due to legal & ethical principles the only information that is written in a patients chart is | actual facts about the patient. |
| Checking the patient's ID before giving ea. med. dose is critical to patient safety. W/elderly patients , patients w/altered sensorium, or level of consciousness, asking the patient name or state name is neither realistic nor safe. Therefore, | checking the identification b& against the medication profile, medication order, or other treatment or service orders is crucial to avoid errors. |
| specify ways to ensure that the right documentation is addressed | Record the date & time of med admin., name of med, dose, route, & site of admin. & most important Patient response to medication. |
| W/regard to medication administration, these outcomes may address special | storage & handling techniques, administration procedures, equipment needed, drug interactions, adverse effects, & contraindications. |
| The nurse is preparing a care plan for a patient who has been newly diagnosed w/type 2 diabetes mellitus. Put into correct order the steps of the nursing process, w/1 being the first step & 5 being the last step. | assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation. |
| Safe, therapeutic, & effective medication administration is a | major responsibility of professional nurses as they apply the nursing process to the care of their patients. |
| compared to planning goals, outcome criteria are more | specific descriptions of patient goals. |
| In the implementation phase, the nurse | intervenes on behalf of the patient to address specific patient problems & needs. |
| TJC released National Patient Safety Goals for patient care. Goals emphasize the use of two identifiers when providing care, treatment, or services to patients. To meet these goals, TJC recommends that the patient be | identified “reliably” & also that the service or treatment (e.g., medication administration) be matched to that individual & be a patient specific identifier. |
| A nurse must know the particulars about each medication before administering it to ensure that the right drug, dose, & | route are being used. A complete medication order includes the route of administration or it must be verified. |
| based on legal & ethical issues, if there is a peer conflict such as dispute between patient & nurse it is not to be | charted on patients chart. |
| even the implementation of the Six Rights does not reflect the complexity of the role of the professional nurse b/c they focus more on | the individual/patient than on the system as a whole or the entire medication administration process beginning w/the prescriber's order. |
| According to the "right dose" whenever a medication is ordered, | a dosage is identified from the prescriber's order. |
| What is the function of The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) | (using taxonomy) NANDA develops, refines, & classifies information & phenomena related to nursing practices by providing specific terms for nursing diagnosis & accurately reflects nurses' clinical judgments. |
| A professional nurse who thinks critically about, processes, & incorporates all aspects & points of information about the patient & then uses this information to develop & coordinate patient care is an example of | a holistic approach to patient care. |
| According to the TJC, acceptable identifiers include | the patient's name, an assigned identification number, a telephone number, or other patient-specific identifier. |
| A patient's chart includes an order that reads as follows: “Lanoxin 250 mcg once daily at 0900.” Which action by the nurse is correct? | The nurse should contact the prescriber to clarify the dosage route |
| People who can write prescriptions are: | Physicians, dentists, Nurse practitioners & physician assistants. |
| If a patient has difficulty swallowing, what remedy could be used to alleviate the problem? | possible use of thickening agents w/fluids (eg applesauce) or use of other dosage forms? information shared through the spoken word by any reliable source, such as the patient, spouse, family member, significant other, &/or caregiver is considered |
| according to right drug: A nurse must check specific medication order against the medication label or profile | three times before giving. |
| Data can be classified as (b) ______ or (c) ____________. | subjective or objective. |
| On a drug order, the nurse should spell out all terms (e.g., “three times daily” instead of “tid”). The nurse must always be careful to write out all words & abbreviations, b/c | the possibility of miscommunication or misinterpretation poses a risk to the patient. |
| During the initial assessment phase of the nursing process, data are | collected, reviewed, & analyzed. |
| Formulation of nursing diagnoses is usually a three-step process w/nursing diagnoses, consisting of a statement that reflects | patients human response to illness, injury, or significant change; identifies factor related to response, w/more than one factor often named; contains clues, cues, evidence, other data supporting nurse's claim that diagnosis is accurate. |
| Armbands are commonly used in the acute care setting & may serve as one identifier, w/the other one being | date of birth, social security number, or home address. |
| Implementation phase is done through independent nursing actions & assistance from family, significant others & care givers; by collaborative activities such as | physical therapy, occupational therapy, & music therapy; & implementation of medical orders. |
| She experiences occasional increases in stomach pain, a "feeling of heat" in her abdomen & chest at night when she lies down, & increased incidents of heartburn. is objective or subjective data? | subjective b/c it is not fact or verifiable. |
| Outcome criteria provides a standard for | measuring movement toward goals. |
| Based on legal & ethical issues when there are staffing problems a nurse must never | record problems in a patients chart instead talk to nurse manager. |
| What are examples of major components of a nurses implementation phase of care planning when it comes to specific interventions that relate to particular drugs & nonpharmacological interventions | Particular drugs (e.g., giving a particular cardiac drug only after monitoring the patient's pulse & blood pressure), nonpharmacologic interventions that enhance the therapeutic effects of medications, & patient education. |
| The planning phase includes identification of (e) _____ & (F)________ _ | Goals & outcome criteria. |
| Based on verifying if it is the right drug the nurse should verify by | comparing drug name & order, appropriateness for patient (in doubt verify) , & all drug indications. |
| Evaluation is the part of the nursing process that includes | monitoring whether patient goals & outcome criteria related to the nursing diagnoses are met. |
| Performing a comprehensive assessment allows the nurse to | formulate a nursing diagnosis related to the patient's needs. |
| It is critical to patient safety to avoid using abbreviations for any component of | a drug order (i.e., dose, time, route). |
| A patients human response to illness, injury, or significant change can be | an actual problem, an increased risk of developing a problem, or an opportunity or intent to improve the patient's health. |
| Assessment about the specific drug is important & involves collection of specific info about prescribed, OTC, & herbal/complementary/alternative therapeutic drug use, w/attention to | drug's action; signs & symptoms of allergic reaction; adverse effects; dosage & routes of administration; contraindications; drug incompatibilities; drug-drug, drug-food, & drug–laboratory test interactions; & toxicities & available antidotes. |
| The nursing diagnosis statement does not necessarily claim a cause-&-effect link between these factors & the response; it indicates only | that there is a connection between them. |
| Based on verifying if it is the right drug the nurse should ask the following questions | IS drug/med order signed by prescriber involved in the patient's care? (emergency: verbal order signed w/in 24 hr? ). Is the drug right given the assessment info about the patient & drug? |
| When determining the right time other factors need to be considered, such as multiple-drug therapy, drug-drug or drug-food compatibility, scheduling of diagnostic studies, | bioavailability of the drug (e.g., the need for consistent timing of doses around the clock to maintain blood levels), drug actions, & any biorhythm effects such as occur w/steroids. |
| Mrs. Smith, 72yr. which chart note is appropriate? A) Mrs. Smith received regular insulin 2u SQ at 0730 in the right lower abdomen, B) Mrs. Smith received 4 units of regular insulin to treat a morning capillary blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL | Mrs. Smith received 4 units of regular insulin to treat a morning capillary blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL; B is the only statement that does not violate the "Charting Don'ts" do not chart Abbreviations. |
| Formulation of outcome criteria begins w/the _A_ made about patient data & subsequent _B_ & ends w/the development of a _C_ | A) analysis of the judgments B) nursing diagnoses C)nursing care plan. |
| The nurse has an order for administering a medication to her patient. Which providers have legal authority to prescribe medications for patients? Physician, Physical therapist, Pharmacist, Dentist, Physician assistant, Nurse practitioner | physician, dentist, physician assistant, & a nurse practitioner. |
| Once assessment of the patient & the drug prescribed has been completed, the specific prescription or medication order from any prescriber must be checked for what six elements: | Patient name, date drug order was written, name of drug, drug dose amount & frequency, route of administration, & prescriber name. |
| An 86-year-old patient is being discharged to home on digitalis therapy & has very little information regarding the medication. what statement best reflects a realistic goal or outcome of patient teaching activities? | The patient & patient's daughter will state the correct dosing & administration of the drug. |
| The nurse should check a medication how many times prior to administration of a medication under the "right drug" part of the Six Rights? why? once, five times, three times | three times; to confirm each time that the medication is the right drug prior to administration of the medication. |
| In the evaluation phase of the nursing care plan monitoring includes | observing for therapeutic effects of drug treatment as well as for adverse effects & toxicity. |
| The (g) _________ phase consists of initiation & completion of the nursing care plan. | implementation phase. |
| based on the right time of drug administration suppose the nurse missed administering medication at the proper time & it is an antihypertensive medication, what could be a consequence | the patient's condition & well-being could be greatly compromised or life threatening by 1 missed/late dose. it is not taken lightly or ignored. |
| The nurse should include which information when evaluating the outcome after a patient's medication has been administered? why? A) Patient allergies to medications, B) Medication effect on patient | Medication effect on patient; The effect of the medication on the patient is part of the evaluation process after a medication is administered. |
| The nurse notes that a medication was scheduled to be administered at 0900. A medication error has occurred if the medication was administered at which time? why? 0930, 0900, 0830, 0800 | 0800; Medications must be given no more than ½ hour before or after the actual time specified in the prescriber's orders. If the medication was administered at 0800 but had been scheduled for 0900, then a medication error has occurred. |
| In eval phase of a nursing care plan, indicators are used to monitor aspects of drug therapy & results of appropriately related nonpharmacologic interventions. If goals & outcome criteria are met, the care plan may/may not be revised to include | new nursing diagnoses; such changes are made only if appropriate. If goals & outcome criteria are not met, revisions are made to the entire nursing care plan w/further evaluation. |
| For which of the activities is a nurse responsible during the eval phase of drug administration? A) Preparing & administering medications safely & as ordered, B) Monitoring the patient continuously for therapeutic as well as adverse effects | Monitoring the patient continuously for therapeutic as well as adverse effects; Ongoing monitoring of the patient evaluates the effect of the drug on the patient. A refers to different steps in the nursing process. |
| when it comes to the “right drug” phase of the medication administration process, what should be used to ensure safe nursing care & help avoid a medication error? | generic named drugs. |
| A patient has a new prescription for a blood pressure medication that may cause him to feel dizzy during the first few days of therapy. The best nursing diagnosis for this situation is | risk for injury |
| Additional data about the patient & a given drug may be gathered by asking these simple questions like | What is the patient's oral intake? Tolerance of fluids? Swallowing ability for pills, tablets, capsules, & liquids? |
| After clarifying order of lasix, the pharmacy sends furosemide (Lasix), 80-mg tablets, patient is unable to swallow them b/c of nausea. Colleague suggests giving the furosemide as intravenous injection. What will you do next? | Always contact prescriber; Never change medication route without order. |
| data is categorized in objective & subjective. Methods of data collection include | interviewing, direct & indirect questioning, observation, medical records review, head-to-toe physical examination, & a nursing assessment. |
| Based on the right time of drug admin, suppose antacid is ordered TID at 0900, 1300, & 1700, but the nurse misread order & gives the first dose at 1100. Depending on P&P, the meds, & patient condition, it may not be considered an error, b/c | the dosing may be changed once the prescriber is contacted, so that the drug is given at 1100, 1500, & 1900 without harm to the patient & without incident to the nurse. |
| Nurses are responsible for safe & prudent decision making in the nursing care of their patients, including the provision of drug therapy; in accomplishing this task, they attend to the | Six Rights & adhere to legal & ethical standards related to medication administration & documentation. |
| Which of the following is of highest priority when obtaining a pharmacologic history from a patient? & why? A. Allergies B. Use of over-the-counter medications C. Home remedy use D. Alcohol intake | Allergies; Highest priority, giving a patient a medication to which he or she is allergic can be life-threatening. |
| The ultimate aim of outcome criteria is the safe & effective administration of medications & should reflect each nursing diagnosis & guide | the implementation phase of the nursing process |
| When administering medications to a patient, which action will the nurse perform? A) Check the patient's armband before administering the medication. B) Call the patient by name when entering the room in order to verify right person. | check patient armband before administering medication; Checking the patient's armband is the most accurate method of determining identity. |
| When handing patient information to the next HC member, it is usually using SBAR, SBAR stands for | situation, background, assessment, recommendation |
| To be current with HAI in the agency a nurse should keep current with | WHO and CDC |
| The addition to the 6 rights of medication making it 7 rights of medication is the addition of | Knowledge of medication. The nurse should be knowledgeable about the medication administered to the patient. |
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