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Int2 Sp Sub/adv cl
The subjunctive in adverbial clauses
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a menos que (require subj.) | unless |
| antes (de) que (require subj.) | before |
| con tal (de) que (require subj.) | provided that |
| en caso (de) que (require subj.) | in case |
| para que (require subj.) | so that |
| sin que (require subj.) | without; unless |
| a pesar de que (req. subj or indicative) | despite |
| apenas (req. subj or indicative) | as soon as |
| aunque (req. subj or indicative) | although; even if |
| cuando (req. subj or indicative) | when |
| después (de) que (req. subj or indicative) | after |
| en cuanto (req. subj or indicative) | as soon as |
| hasta que (req. subj or indicative) | until |
| luego que (req. subj or indicative) | as soon as |
| mientras que (req. subj or indicative) | while |
| ni/no bien (req. subj or indicative) | as soon as |
| tan pronto como (req. subj or indicative) | as soon as |
| siempre que (req. subj or indicative) | as long as |
| Certain conjunctions are always followed by the ___ because the introduce actions or states that are uncertain or have not happened yet. | subjunctive |
| conjugations that commonly express purpose, condition, or intent. Use the | subjunctive |
| No voy a menos que venga ella. | I'm not going unless she comes. |
| Salgo a la una con tal que se termine todo. | I leave at 1:00 provided everything is done. |
| Trabaja mucho para que vivan bien. | She works hard so they (can) live well. |
| No hago nada sin que lo sepan. | I don't do anything without their knowing it. |
| Normally a ______ is used when no change of subject is involved; it is followed by an _____ , not the subjunctive or indicative | preposition / infinitive |
| Mi hijo vive para tocar la guitarra. | My son lives to play the guitar. |
| Ganaré antes de salir. | I'll win before I leave [before leaving.] |
| Por lo general lo hago cuando nos levantamos. | I usually do it when we get up. [Indicative] |
| Lo haré cuando nos levantemos. | I'll do it when we get up. [Subjunctive] |
| Siempre me lavo los dientes después que comemos. | I always brush my teeth after we eat. [Indicative] |
| Me lavaré los dientes después de que comamos. | I'll brush my teeth after we eat. [Subjunctive] |
| Los alumnos lo repiten hasta que el profesor está satisfecho. | The students repeat it until the professor is satisfied. [Indicative] |
| Los alumnos lo repiten hasta que el profesor está satisfecho. | The students repeat it until the professor is satisfied. [Indicative] |
| Los alumnos lo repetirán hasta que él esté satisfecho. | The students will repeat it until he is satisfied. [Subjunctive] |
| Trabajamos mientras ellos descansan. | We work while they rest. [Indicative] |
| Trabajaremos mientras ellos descansen. | We will work while they rest. [Subjunctive] |
| Aunque (although, even though, even if). The ____ is used if a fact is involved or the outcome is known; otherwise the ____ is used: | indicative / subjunctive |
| Lo haré aunque no le gusta. | I'll do it, even though she doesn't like it.[Indicative It is a fact that she doesn't like it.] |
| Lo haré aunque no le guste. | I'll do it, even though she may not like it. [Subjunctive] |
| De modo que, de manera que (so that; in such a way that). These are identical. If used like para que (in order that, purpose of an action), they require the ____; they are used with the __if they mean “in such a way that” [followed by result or outcome]: | subjunctive/indicative |
| Escribe de modo que todos la entienden. | She writes in such a way [i.e., so clearly] that everyone understands her. [Indicative] |
| Escribe de modo que todos la entiendan. | She writes so that everyone will [might be able to] understand her. [Subjunctive] |
| Como is followed by the ____ if it used to mean “if”, by the ____ if it means “because” [at the beginning of a sentence], and by either the indicative or the subjunctive (depending on hypothetical/future aspect) if it means “how(ever)” | subjunctive / indicative |
| Como vayas conmigo, te pago la entrada. | If you go with me, I'll pay for your ticket. [Subjunctive] |
| Como no estás listo, me voy sin ti. | Since you're not ready, I'll go without you. [Indicative] |
| Lo hago como dijiste. | I'll do it like you said. [Indicative] |
| Lo haré como digas. | I'll do it however you (might) say. [Subjunctive] |
| I need to talk to you when you have a minute. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj. /(cuando)/ Antic./ Subj. |
| Ana won't go out with you until you shave and get a haircut. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj. (hasta que)/Antic./ Subj. |
| I'll leave after I finish this job. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Prep. (después de)/ (Antic.)/ Inf. |
| Don't say that unless you mean it. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj.(a menos que)/ Antic./ Subj. |
| I won't leave without telling her goodbye. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Prep. (sin)/(Antic.)/ Inf. |
| We'll play music so you can dance. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj. (para que)/ Antic./ Subj. |
| He puts down the paper as soon as he reads the comics. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj. (tan pronto como / en cuanto / luego que)/ Cust./ Indic. |
| I'll watch the play again because it's funny. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj. (porque)/ Finished (or factual)/ Indic. |
| Although he's writing well, he still needs to improve. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj. (aunque) /Finished (or factual) /Indic. |
| She'll paint the room however you tell her. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj. (como) /Antic./Hypo./ Subj. |
| Even if you give me a million dollars, I won't say who gave me the answer. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj. (aunque)/ Antic./Hypo./ Subj. |
| When they get mad, that's the way they act. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj./(cuando [or al + infinitive) Finished/Cust./ Indic. [or al + inf.] |
| José's going to rest while we play ball. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj. (mientras)/ Antic./ Subj. |
| She doesn't want to publish the novel without you(r) designing a cover for it. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj. (sin que)/ Antic./ Subj. |
| I'm doing my project just like your instructions describe. (state whether it's a preposition/conjunction, Anticipated/ Hypothetical/finished, and if Subj/indic/infin.?) | Conj. (como)/ Finished/Cust. (or factual)/ Indic. |
| Apaguemos el televisor antes de que __(volver) mamá. | vuelva |
| Nadie sabrá lo que hemos hecho con tal de que tú no ____ (decir) nada. | digas |
| Por lo general leo el periódico después de que (nosotros) _____ (cenar). | cenamos |
| Deje usted las galleticas en el horno hasta que se ____ (derretir) el chocolate. | derrita |
| No voy a perdonar a Rufinita aunque ella me lo ____ (pedir) un millón de veces. | pida |
| Mientras ____ (haber) tanta cocaína en las calles, no tendremos paz. | haya |
| ¿Iremos al concierto cuando ____ (regresar) Irene? | regrese |
| Los otros obreros no hacen nada a menos que lo ______ (aprobar) Luis. | apruebe |
| Angelita podrá usar el coche después de que ella y su hermana ___ (limpiar) el cuarto. | limpien |
| Dile a José que empiece a tocar el violín en cuanto se ____ (levantar) el telón. | levante |
| Cuando me ____ (despertar) por la mañana casi siempre hago mis ejercicios inmediatamente. | despierto |
| Trabajo día tras día, ¿y para qué? Para que mis hijos ______ (tener) todo lo posible. Y ¿cuándo _van____ (ir) a agradecérmelo ellos? ¡Nunca! | tengan |
| Aunque mis estudiantes _______ (saber) bien que soy profesor, no saben que soy el autor más leído del mundo hispánico. | saben_ |
| Los chicos no pueden hacer nada sin que sus padres se ___ (enterar) de ello. | enteren |
| Tan pronto como ____ (llegar) a casa Miguelito, dile que tiene que llamar a María. | llegue |
| En caso de que (tú) no ____ (encontrar) la casa de Rosalía, aquí tienes su número de teléfono. | encuentres |
| Rogelio ahorra su dinero a fin de que ___ (hacer) un viaje a España este verano. | haga |
| Antes de que el presidente _____ (salir) a hablar, varios agentes siempre pasan por el cuarto inspeccionándolo todo. | salga |
| Hazlo ahora; no esperes hasta que los demás ______ (estar) listos. | estén |
| Pablo lee las historietas mientras nosotros ____ (escribir) nuestras composiciones. | escribimos |
| Don't go until the sun comes out. | _No (te) vayas hasta que salga el sol._____ |
| I'll say it when she lets me. | _Lo diré cuando ella me deje/permita._____ |
| We'll start after he finishes. | _Empezaremos/comenzaremos después (de) que él termine/acabe.___ |
| Let's leave before it rains. | _Salgamos antes de que llueva.___ |
| She'll do it provided you help her. | __Ella lo hará con tal (de) que la ayude(s/n).______ |
| Voy a esperar hasta que vuelvas. Subjunctive/indicative/infinitive...why? | (subjuntivo - Es un evento anticipado.) |
| No te oye a menos que hables fuerte. Subjunctive/indicative/infinitive...why? | (subjuntivo - "a menos que" siempre usa subjuntivo.) |
| Pienso en ti siempre que me despierto.Subjunctive/indicative/infinitive...why? | (indicativo - Es un hecho, no una hipótesis.) |
| Bésame antes de que llegue tu padre.Subjunctive/indicative/infinitive...why? | (subjuntivo - Dos sujetos: tú besas, tu padre llega) |
| Quiero besarte antes de irme. Subjunctive/indicative/infinitive...why? | (infinitivo - Un sujeto: yo beso y me voy) |
| Mi madre trabaja duro para que su familia viva bien. Subjunctive/indicative/infinitive...why? | (subjuntivo - Dos sujetos: ella, su familia) |
| Te preparas para celebrar mi cumpleaños. Subjunctive/indicative/infinitive...why? | (infinitivo - Un sujeto: tú preparas y celebras.) |
| Vamos a viajar sin que él lo sepa. Subjunctive/indicative/infinitive...why? | (subjuntivo - Dos sujetos: nosotros viajamos, él no sabe) |
| Voy a pensar en ti cuando me despierte mañana.Subjunctive/indicative/infinitive...why? | (subjuntivo - Es un evento anticipado.) |
| Me voy a calmar después que te calles. Subjunctive/indicative/infinitive...why? | (subjuntivo - Es un evento anticipado) |
| Siempre me calmo cuando pienso en ti.Subjunctive/indicative/infinitive...why? | (indicativo - Es un hecho, no una hipótesis) |
| Nunca te bañas después de correr. Subjunctive/indicative/infinitive...why? | (infinitivo - Un sujeto: tú corres y no te bañas) |
| a menos que unless | always followed by the subjunctive |
| antes (de) que, para que, sin que before, so that, in order that, without | always followed by the subjunctive (but use infinitive if both clauses share the subject) |
| siempre que, cuando, después (de) que, hasta que, whenever, as long as when, after, until | use subjunctive for anticipated events (future) |
| Indication of Possible Future Action require | Subjunctive |
| An adverbial clause is one in which the subordinate clause, introduced by a conjunction, modifies or expands upon the ____of the primary clause. | meaning |
| The ____will be used if the primary clause indicates possible future action, and after some conjunctions which by their nature, imply doubt. | subjunctive |
| In the case of the conjunctions which do not always require the use of the subjunctive, the subjunctive will used in the subordinate clause if there is any indication of ____ in the primary clause. | future |
| Possible indications of the future would clearly be the future indicative, or an ‘ir a’ construction. Thus, ‘tendré muchos hijos’ and ‘tendré un garaje’ indicate future, and therefore the ____ subjunctive is used in the subordinate clause. | present |
| Indication of Habitual Action require | Indicative |
| If there is some indication of ____ action in the primary clause, then the indicative will be used in the subordinate clause. Possible indications of habitual actions would be ‘siempre’, ‘cada día’, ‘diariamente’, ‘cada vez’, etc. | habitual |
| Indication of Completed Action require | Indicative |
| If there is some indication of completed action in the primary clause (ie, a preterite indicative), then the ______ _____ will be used in the subordinate clause. | preterite indicative |
Created by:
evykas70
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